Who was sanctioned, and for what?

Teva abused its dominant position for the MS medicine Copaxone: it artificially extended patent protection by filing staggered divisional applications with the EPO and strategically withdrawing them, and spread misleading statements about an authorised competing product among physicians and decision-makers. Seven Member States were affected over periods of four to nine years.

Authority / court

Europäische Kommission

Area of law

Competition law · Abuse of market power

Legal basis

Art. 102 AEUV

Action

Fine

Status of proceedings

unknown

Sector

Chemicals and pharmaceuticals

Employees

10,000 or more

Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link

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Kalibrate's "Market Intelligence" product passed on retailer-specific sales data from petrol stations that allowed conclusions to be drawn about competitors and could facilitate coordinated pricing behaviour. In an agreement registered with the Competition Tribunal, Kalibrate undertakes to supply only aggregated and time-delayed data – the first case under the reformed abuse of dominance rules.

Authority / court

Competition Bureau Canada (Consent Agreement beim Competition Tribunal)

Area of law

Competition law · Abuse of market power

Legal basis

Abuse-of-dominance-Bestimmungen des Competition Act (Fassung 2023)

Action

Order

Status of proceedings

unknown

Sector

Energy and utilities

Published

24 Sep 2026

Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link

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In 2022–2024, the delivery service used a standard clause to prohibit restaurants from being cheaper on their own channels than on Wolt, while at the same time being able to grant discounts without consultation and to compensate customers up to 400 DKK at the restaurants’ expense. The Konkurrencerådet (Danish Competition Council) ordered the practice to cease, required Wolt to inform all restaurants and intends to enforce a fine through the courts.

Authority / court

Konkurrencerådet (Danish Competition Council)

Area of law

Competition law · Abuse of market power

Legal basis

Konkurrenceloven; AEUV Art. 102

Action

Order

Status of proceedings

unknown

Sector

Media and online platforms

Published

26 Aug 2026

Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link

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As a buyer with significant bargaining power, the company from Solin purchased agricultural and food products from two suppliers without written contracts. The Agencija za zaštitu tržišnog natjecanja (Croatian Competition Agency, AZTN) considered this an unfair trading practice and, taking mitigating circumstances into account, imposed 10,000 EUR (date = publication).

Authority / court

Agencija za zaštitu tržišnog natjecanja (AZTN)

Area of law

Competition law · Abuse of market power

Legal basis

Zakon o zabrani nepoštenih trgovačkih praksi u lancu opskrbe hranom (ZNTP)

Action

Fine

Status of proceedings

unknown

Sector

Food and agriculture

Mitigating circumstances

Several mitigating circumstances taken into account

Published

25 Aug 2026

Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link

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The Agencija za zaštitu tržišnog natjecanja (Croatian Competition Agency, AZTN) found that Kaufland Hrvatska charged food suppliers fees for services not provided and for advertising not commissioned, and paid for perishable goods only after more than 30 days. For these unfair trading practices, and with repeat offending as an aggravating factor (final penalty already in 2020), it imposed 300,000 EUR (date = publication).

Authority / court

Agencija za zaštitu tržišnog natjecanja (AZTN)

Area of law

Competition law · Abuse of market power

Legal basis

Art. 4, 11, 12 Zakon o zabrani nepoštenih trgovačkih praksi u lancu opskrbe hranom (ZNTP)

Action

Fine

Status of proceedings

unknown

Sector

Retail and e-commerce

Repeat case

yes

Published

24 Jun 2026

Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link

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From March 2020 to May 2021, the operator of ss.lv/ss.com (market share over 60%) deleted advertisements and blocked accounts of users – mainly car dealers and estate agents – who also advertised on the competing platform pp.lv; anyone wishing to register with an inbox.lv address additionally had to provide a different e-mail address. The Konkurences padome (Latvian Competition Council) considered this an abuse of a dominant position (Art. 102 TFEU), imposed 186,780.65 EUR and required objective criteria for dealing with customers.

Authority / court

Konkurences padome (Lettischer Wettbewerbsrat)

Area of law

Competition law · Abuse of market power

Legal basis

Art. 102 AEUV

Action

Fine

Status of proceedings

unknown

Sector

Media and online platforms

Published

18 Mar 2026

Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link

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From April 2023 until at least April 2025, Ryanair obstructed travel agencies from buying Ryanair flights in combination with other services, for example through facial recognition procedures, account deletions, blocking of means of payment and restrictive partner agreements. The AGCM considered this to be an abuse of a dominant position and imposed fines of 255,761,692 EUR on a joint and several basis.

Authority / court

Autorità Garante della Concorrenza e del Mercato (AGCM)

Area of law

Competition law · Abuse of market power

Legal basis

Art. 102 AEUV

Action

Fine

Status of proceedings

unknown

Sector

Transport, logistics and shipping

Employees

10,000 or more

Published

23 Dec 2025

Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link

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Doctolib tied doctors with exclusivity clauses, bundled telemedicine with the appointment booking subscription and in 2018 acquired its main competitor MonDocteur in order to eliminate it (decision 25-D-06). Fines: 4.615 million EUR for exclusivity and tying, 50,000 EUR for the acquisition.

Authority / court

Autorité de la concurrence

Area of law

Competition law · Abuse of market power

Legal basis

Art. 102 AEUV, Art. L.420-2 Code de commerce

Action

Fine

Status of proceedings

under appeal

Sector

Healthcare

Culpability

intentional

Published

6 Nov 2025

Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link

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From November 2021 to August 2024, the retailer (market share 28%) put pressure on economically dependent suppliers: price increases remained unapproved for months, lower prices were demanded in the form of ultimatums and delisting was threatened. The Konkurences padome (Latvian Competition Council) found an unfair trading practice, imposed 1,872,805 EUR and set clear deadlines for negotiations.

Authority / court

Konkurences padome (Lettischer Wettbewerbsrat)

Area of law

Competition law · Abuse of market power

Legal basis

Negodīgas tirdzniecības prakses aizlieguma likums (NTPAL)

Action

Fine

Status of proceedings

unknown

Sector

Retail and e-commerce

Published

5 Nov 2025

Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link

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A dominant company for the collection, distribution and marketing of Madeira bananas (name not given) required producers to sign exclusivity declarations. In a settlement procedure (PRC/2025/6), it ended the practice and paid 30,000 EUR (date = press release).

Authority / court

Autoridade da Concorrência (AdC)

Area of law

Competition law · Abuse of market power

Legal basis

Lei da Concorrência (Lei n.º 19/2012), Art. 11.º; Art. 102 AEUV

Action

Fine

Status of proceedings

final

Sector

Food and agriculture

Mitigating circumstances

Settlement (transação), full cooperation, immediate cessation, short duration

Published

13 Aug 2025

Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link

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In consignment agreements, the pharmaceutical wholesaler had made payment to suppliers of food supplements dependent on subsequent resale (payment period over 30 days) and had reserved the right to hold suppliers liable for spoiled goods. The Konkurentsiamet (Estonian Competition Authority) found infringements of the act on unfair trading practices in the food supply chain and ordered amended contractual terms.

Authority / court

Konkurentsiamet (Estnische Wettbewerbsbehörde)

Area of law

Competition law · Abuse of market power

Legal basis

§ 4 Abs. 1 und 2, § 5 Abs. 2, § 7 Abs. 1 PTEKS (UTP-Richtlinie (EU) 2019/633)

Action

Order

Status of proceedings

unknown

Sector

Chemicals and pharmaceuticals

Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link

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From January 2022, by internal instruction, the municipal water utility reserved to itself the installation of additional water meters (for example for garden water), thereby excluding other providers; customers also had to pay for sewerage they did not use. The Konkurences padome (Latvian Competition Council) found an abuse of a dominant position, imposed 78,055.79 EUR and ordered remedies.

Authority / court

Konkurences padome (Lettischer Wettbewerbsrat)

Area of law

Competition law · Abuse of market power

Legal basis

Art. 13 Konkurences likums

Action

Fine

Status of proceedings

unknown

Sector

Energy and utilities

Published

9 Jul 2025

Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link

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In 2019–2022, the waste management company charged the towns of Martin and Vrútky significantly higher prices for landfilling residual waste than other municipalities without objective justification, although they had no alternative. The Council of the Protimonopolný úrad Slovenskej republiky (Antimonopoly Office of the Slovak Republic, PMÚ SR) upheld the fine of 180,200 EUR; the decision became final on 3 July 2025.

Authority / court

Protimonopolný úrad Slovenskej republiky (PMÚ SR)

Area of law

Competition law · Abuse of market power

Legal basis

Slowakisches Wettbewerbsschutzgesetz (Missbrauch einer marktbeherrschenden Stellung)

Action

Fine

Status of proceedings

final

Sector

Energy and utilities

Published

9 Jul 2025

Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link

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Following a preliminary investigation into rising food prices, the Комисия за защита на конкуренцията (Bulgarian Commission for the Protection of Competition, KZK) found that Kaufland had demanded and received payments from five suppliers for ‘marketing services’ and for ‘optimisation of goods flows’ and logistics that were not fully connected with the sale of their products. For the two prohibited trading practices (Art. 37b(1)(4) ZZK – Bulgarian Protection of Competition Act) it imposed 250,000 leva each, a total of 500,000 leva. An appeal has been lodged against the decision.

Authority / court

Комисия за защита на конкуренцията (КЗК, Bulgarische Wettbewerbskommission)

Area of law

Competition law · Abuse of market power

Legal basis

Art. 37b Abs. 1 Nr. 4 ZZK (verbotene Handelspraktiken in der Lebensmittelkette, UTP-Richtlinie)

Action

Fine

Status of proceedings

under appeal

Sector

Retail and e-commerce

Original amount 500,000 BGN, converted at the ECB reference rate of 8 May 2025.

Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link

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From 2022 to March 2024, the Croatian Hunting Association offered hunter training below cost and financed this from areas in which it holds a statutory monopoly in order to drive out competitors. The Agencija za zaštitu tržišnog natjecanja (Croatian Competition Agency, AZTN) imposed 89,935.20 EUR and ordered separate cost accounting; the High Administrative Court dismissed the action on 17 December 2025.

Authority / court

Agencija za zaštitu tržišnog natjecanja (AZTN)

Area of law

Competition law · Abuse of market power

Legal basis

Art. 13 Nr. 1 Zakon o zaštiti tržišnog natjecanja (ZZTN)

Action

Fine

Status of proceedings

final

Sector

Other

Published

10 Feb 2025

Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link

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In 17 municipalities and towns with organised waste collection (16 price lists), the waste management company charged 8.33 to 20 EUR net per occasion for manually fetching containers over distances of 10 to 30 metres. The Konkurentsiamet (Estonian Competition Authority) considered this an abuse of a dominant position through excessively high prices and ordered the prices to be reduced to cost plus a reasonable profit by 31 October 2024.

Authority / court

Konkurentsiamet (Estnische Wettbewerbsbehörde)

Area of law

Competition law · Abuse of market power

Legal basis

§ 16 Nr. 1, § 61¹ KonkS; § 28 Abs. 1 KorS

Action

Order

Status of proceedings

unknown

Sector

Energy and utilities

Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link

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Booking.com, with a market share of 70–90 % in online hotel booking in Spain, imposed unfair conditions such as price parity clauses and obstructed other online travel agencies through ranking criteria (Expediente S/0005/21). The CNMC imposed a fine of 413.24 million EUR.

Authority / court

Comisión Nacional de los Mercados y la Competencia (CNMC)

Area of law

Competition law · Abuse of market power

Legal basis

Art. 2 LDC, Art. 102 AEUV

Action

Fine

Status of proceedings

unknown

Sector

Media and online platforms

Employees

10,000 or more

Published

30 Jul 2024

Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link

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Swisscom expanded its fibre-optic network in such a way that competitors were not given Layer 1 access from the local exchanges. WEKO considered this to be an abuse of a dominant position, imposed a sanction of CHF 18,362,014, required Swisscom to retrofit the network and imposed procedural costs of CHF 927,307.

Authority / court

Wettbewerbskommission (WEKO)

Area of law

Competition law · Abuse of market power

Legal basis

Art. 7 Abs. 1 i.V.m. Abs. 2 lit. a und e KG, Art. 49a Abs. 1 KG

Action

Fine

Status of proceedings

under appeal

Sector

Telecoms, IT and software

Employees

10,000 or more

Original amount 18,362,014 CHF, converted at the ECB reference rate of 4 Dec 2023.

Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link

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In 2015–2019, the collecting society charged hotels and guesthouses unreasonably high licence fees for the performance of works via television and radio sets in guest rooms. The Council of the Protimonopolný úrad Slovenskej republiky (Antimonopoly Office of the Slovak Republic, PMÚ SR) upheld the fine of 57,939 EUR; final since 27 October 2023.

Authority / court

Protimonopolný úrad Slovenskej republiky (PMÚ SR)

Area of law

Competition law · Abuse of market power

Legal basis

Slowakisches Wettbewerbsschutzgesetz, Art. 102 AEUV

Action

Fine

Status of proceedings

final

Sector

Media and online platforms

Published

31 Oct 2023

Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link

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