Compliance Radar
Who was sanctioned, and for what?
Fines, court rulings and incidents from Europe and North America: 718 cases from 32 jurisdictions, each with an official source and checked against that source before publication. Filter by country, area of law and sector. Click a chart to drill down one level.
Click a bar to drill down one level.
Where?
by countryWhat for?
by area of lawAll areas of law
- Competition law €85.5m 68 % · 10 cases
- Bribery and corruption €39.7m 32 % · 2 cases
- Capital markets and financial supervision €300,000 0 % · 1 case
- Health and safety and employment law €232,500 0 % · 1 case
- Data protection €204,275 0 % · 5 cases
- Information security and cyber €1,135 0 % · 1 case
- Money laundering and terrorist financing €800 0 % · 1 case
Who?
by company- AS Asphaltstraßensanierung GmbH, BITUNOVA GmbH, Kutter Spezialstraßenbau GmbH & Co. KG, Possehl Construction GmbH (inkl. VSI), Liesen…alles für den Bau GmbH, OAT GmbH/Otto Alte-Teigeler GmbH €60.3m 48 % · 1 case
- Colas Rail Asia Sdn Bhd (Colas-Gruppe) €29.7m 24 % · 1 case
- AS Asphaltstraßensanierung, BITUNOVA, Mainka u. a. (Straßenerhaltungskartell, 7 Unternehmen) €10.5m 8 % · 1 case
- Strukton Civiel Projecten B.V. und Strukton International B.V. (Strukton-Gruppe) €10m 8 % · 1 case
- ATE, s. r. o.; AŽD Praha s.r.o.; EPLcond a.s.; MONZAS, a.s.; První SaZ Plzeň a.s.; STARMON s.r.o. €6.39m 5 % · 1 case
- BeMo Tunnelling, Echterhoff-Holland, Eiffage Infra-West, Fenne, Gehrken, IH Inpako, IHT, Karger, Korte, Mainka Bau, Möllmann, Rostek & Pesch, T&M Baugesellschaft, AKM Verwaltungsgesellschaft €4.8m 4 % · 1 case
- Strabag AG (Köln); Kemna Bau Andreae GmbH & Co. KG als Kronzeuge ohne Bußgeld €2.79m 2 % · 1 case
- SIA "SILTUMTEHSERVISS", SIA "Apkure IM", SIA "ADAPTERIS", SIA "Alpex", SIA "Infrakom" €513,508 0 % · 1 case
- SINOP ALFA, s.r.o. €70,000 0 % · 1 case
- Bloem Infra B.V.; Den Ouden Infra B.V. (Kronzeuge, 0 €) €59,000 0 % · 1 case
- 5 more€67,813
When?
per quarter, by date of decision| Period | Cases | Total |
|---|---|---|
| Q3 2023 | 0 | — |
| Q4 2023 | 1 | €4.8m |
| Q1 2024 | 1 | €59,000 |
| Q2 2024 | 0 | — |
| Q3 2024 | 0 | — |
| Q4 2024 | 5 | €2.96m |
| Q1 2025 | 1 | €800 |
| Q2 2025 | 1 | €10.5m |
| Q3 2025 | 3 | €7.21m |
| Q4 2025 | 1 | €70,000 |
| Q1 2026 | 4 | €40.1m |
| Q2 2026 | 2 | €1,135 |
| Q3 2026 | 2 | €60.3m |
21 cases
13 Aug 2026 „О-Рент“ ЕООД (sowie „Инжконсулт“ ЕООД und „Земекоп“ ЕООД)Construction machinery cartel: fine for O-Rent, compliance programme for all participants €2,403
The Комисия за защита на конкуренцията (Bulgarian Commission for the Protection of Competition, KZK) found a cartel in public tenders for mining and construction machinery (price fixing and market sharing, Art. 15 ZZK – Bulgarian Protection of Competition Act, Art. 101 TFEU). Inzhkonsult and Zemekop, as a single undertaking, were exempted from the fine; O-Rent received a sanction of 2,403.07 EUR. All three companies must introduce a competition law compliance programme within 60 days and report on it.
The authority now expressly requires compliance programmes – anyone bidding in tenders should have one before it is ordered.
Competition law in tenders; compliance programme
- Authority / court
- Комисия за защита на конкуренцията (КЗК, Bulgarische Wettbewerbskommission)
- Area of law
- Competition law · Cartels and collusion
- Legal basis
- Art. 15 Abs. 1 Nr. 1 und 2 ZZK; Art. 101 Abs. 1 lit. a und c AEUV
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- unknown
- Sector
- Construction and real estate
- Mitigating circumstances
- Immunity from fines for two participants (leniency programme)
- Published
- 20 Aug 2026
- КЗК Публичен електронен регистър – Производство (Решение № 797 от 13.08.2026; Volltext als PDF im Register) Official register or notice
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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6 Aug 2026 AS Asphaltstraßensanierung GmbH, BITUNOVA GmbH, Kutter Spezialstraßenbau GmbH & Co. KG, Possehl Construction GmbH (inkl. VSI), Liesen…alles für den Bau GmbH, OAT GmbH/Otto Alte-Teigeler GmbHBundeskartellamt: 60.3 million EUR against DSK road repair cartel €60.3m
From around 2010 to September 2019, six suppliers of thin cold-laid asphalt surface layers (Dünne Asphaltdeckschichten in Kaltbauweise, DSK) allocated customers – primarily public contracting authorities – and contracts among themselves nationwide and coordinated prices. Germany's Federal Cartel Office (Bundeskartellamt) imposed fines of around 60.3 million EUR; all proceedings ended in settlements.
Anyone who "shares out" public contracts regionally risks fines running into millions – calculations and bids must always be prepared independently.
Customer allocation and bid rigging in public contracts
- Authority / court
- Bundeskartellamt
- Area of law
- Competition law · Cartels and collusion
- Legal basis
- § 1 GWB, Art. 101 AEUV
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- final
- Sector
- Construction and real estate
- Mitigating circumstances
- Leniency bonus for Possehl/VSI, Bitunova, Kutter and AS; settlement
- Published
- 6 Aug 2026
- Bußgelder wegen Kartellabsprachen im Bereich Straßenreparatur mit DSK Press release of an authority
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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9 Jun 2026 Deutsche Wohnen SELG Berlin I confirms GDPR infringement by Deutsche Wohnen through tenant archive without deletion function Fine
In 2019, the Berlin Commissioner for Data Protection and Freedom of Information (BlnBDI) had imposed 14.5 million EUR on the housing group because tenant data such as salary statements, bank statements and social security data were held in an archive system with no means of deletion. Following the 2023 CJEU judgment on direct corporate liability, the Berlin Regional Court (Landgericht Berlin I) confirmed on 9 June 2026 infringements of data minimisation and storage limitation; the press release does not state the amount of the fine set by the court.
Ensure that archive and filing systems can technically implement deletion periods from the outset – ‘privacy by design’ is subject to fines.
- Authority / court
- Landgericht Berlin I (Bußgeldbehörde: Berliner Beauftragte für Datenschutz und Informationsfreiheit)
- Area of law
- Data protection · Data breaches and data security
- Legal basis
- Art. 5, Art. 25 Abs. 1 DSGVO
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- unknown
- Sector
- Construction and real estate
- Liability of senior managers
- According to the CJEU (C-807/21), a breach of duty by a person in a management position need not be proven for the corporate fine.
- Published
- 10 Jun 2026
- Landgericht Berlin bestätigt Verstoß der Deutsche Wohnen SE gegen die DSGVO Press release of an authority
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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7 Apr 2026 Wspólnota Mieszkaniowa K. (Wohnungseigentümergemeinschaft, im Bescheid pseudonymisiert)Homeowners’ association: 4,852 PLN – misdirected statement not notified €1,135
Acting as processor, the property management company sent an owner’s statement of service charges to an unauthorised person. The association considered notification unnecessary because only ‘ordinary’ data of one member were affected, and maintained this position in the proceedings; the UODO (Poland’s data protection authority) imposed 4,852 PLN.
Small controllers must also assess and notify data breaches by their service providers – ‘only one data subject’ is no ground for exemption.
Recognising misdirected mail as a data breach – including at service providers
- Authority / court
- Prezes Urzędu Ochrony Danych Osobowych (UODO)
- Area of law
- Information security and cyber · Incident reporting obligations
- Legal basis
- Art. 33 Abs. 1 DSGVO
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- final
- Sector
- Construction and real estate
Original amount 4,852 PLN, converted at the ECB reference rate of 7 Apr 2026.
- UODO, Decyzja DKN.5131.16.2025 vom 07.04.2026 (rechtskräftig) Decision of an authority
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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19 Mar 2026 Colas Rail Asia Sdn Bhd (Colas-Gruppe)Colas Rail Asia: CJIP of 29.7 million EUR over bribery in metro contracts in Malaysia €29.7m
The Malaysian subsidiary of Colas Rail paid large, undocumented sums via intermediaries in connection with public contracts for urban rail lines in Kuala Lumpur (Kelana Jaya extension, MRT2). Following an internal investigation, Colas Rail self-reported the matter in 2017; the CJIP (Convention judiciaire d'intérêt public, a French deferred prosecution agreement) provides for a public interest fine of 29,745,974 EUR and a three-year compliance programme monitored by the French Anti-Corruption Agency (AFA) (costs of up to 1.9 million EUR).
Undocumented payments to intermediaries on foreign projects must be stopped early by the finance and compliance functions – self-reporting after an internal investigation is rewarded.
Intermediaries and consultants in public tenders
- Authority / court
- Parquet national financier (PNF); Validierung durch den Präsidenten des Tribunal judiciaire de Paris
- Area of law
- Bribery and corruption · Bribery of public officials
- Legal basis
- Art. 41-1-2 Code de procédure pénale (CJIP); Bestechung ausländischer Amtsträger
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- final
- Sector
- Construction and real estate
- Employees
- 10,000 or more
- Culpability
- intentional
- Mitigating circumstances
- Self-report (criminal complaint filed by Colas Rail on 31 May 2017) following an internal forensic investigation.
- Liability of senior managers
- The CJIP does not address the criminal liability of natural persons.
- Published
- 19 Mar 2026
- Communiqué de presse du procureur de la République financier – CJIP COLAS RAIL ASIA Press release of an authority
- Convention judiciaire d'intérêt public – COLAS RAIL ASIA (17.03.2026) Decision of an authority
- Ministère de la Justice: Conventions judiciaires d'intérêt public (Verzeichnis) Official register or notice
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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19 Feb 2026 AZOP: 100,000 EUR against estate agent over ID copies and old files €100,000
An estate agency (name not published) kept 11,887 brokerage contracts from 2010 to 2019, together with 914 copies of identity cards, passports and bank cards, without a legal basis, although the managing director stated that no card copies were collected. The Croatian data protection authority (Agencija za zaštitu osobnih podataka, AZOP) also criticised irregular and inadequate data protection training for employees and imposed 100,000 EUR (date of publication; exact date of the decision not stated).
Make copies of identity documents and cards only with a legal basis, destroy old files on time and train employees regularly.
Data minimisation for ID copies, retention periods
Missing or inadequate training played a role in the decision.
- Authority / court
- Agencija za zaštitu osobnih podataka (AZOP)
- Area of law
- Data protection · Data subject rights and transparency
- Legal basis
- Art. 5 Abs. 1 lit. c und e, Art. 6 Abs. 1, Art. 32 Abs. 4 DSGVO
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- unknown
- Sector
- Construction and real estate
- Culpability
- negligent
- Mitigating circumstances
- No damage to data subjects was found.
- Published
- 19 Feb 2026
- Agenciji za nekretnine izrečena kazna u iznosu od 100.000,00 eura Press release of an authority
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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10 Feb 2026 Strukton Civiel Projecten B.V. und Strukton International B.V. (Strukton-Gruppe)Construction group Strukton pays 10 million EUR out-of-court settlement over bribery on the Riyadh Metro €10m
To secure a share in the Riyadh Metro project, around 31 million USD was paid between 2013 and 2021 to an agent representing a high-ranking member of the Saudi royal family; the agent payments were understated to the export credit insurer Atradius. Strukton accepted a transaction (out-of-court settlement) of 10 million EUR.
Commissions to agents with ties to ruling families carry the highest risk – and false statements to export credit insurers constitute a second offence.
Agent commissions and false statements to export credit insurers
- Authority / court
- Openbaar Ministerie (OM)
- Area of law
- Bribery and corruption · Bribery of public officials
- Legal basis
- Buitenlandse ambtelijke omkoping und valsheid in geschrift (Wetboek van Strafrecht); Transactie nach Art. 74 Sr
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- final
- Sector
- Construction and real estate
- Culpability
- intentional
- Mitigating circumstances
- Cooperation from mid-2023; compliance programme in place since 2017; the employees involved are no longer with the company.
- Liability of senior managers
- The Dutch Public Prosecution Service (OM) is considering prosecuting several natural persons involved (not named).
- Published
- 30 Mar 2026
- Strukton betaalt hoge transactie van 10 miljoen euro na corruptieonderzoek Press release of an authority
- OM Functioneel Parket: Transactieovereenkomst Calisto (10.02.2026) Decision of an authority
- College van procureurs-generaal: Beslissing hoge transactie onderzoek Calisto (09.02.2026) Decision of an authority
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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9 Jan 2026 Bulgarian construction subcontractor: 232,500 EUR for paying below the minimum wage €232,500
A Bulgarian construction company that worked as a subcontractor for a German firm on a major construction site in the district of Tuttlingen between January and May 2023 paid below the minimum wage, recorded only the duration of working time rather than its start and end, and did not register the posting. The decisions issued in September 2025, final since the end of 2025, amount to 232,500 EUR – of which 215,000 EUR is disgorgement of the economic benefit and 17,500 EUR is imposed on the managing director (date = publication; exact date of the decision not specified).
General contractors should actively check the minimum wage, working time records and posting notifications of their foreign subcontractors – the economic benefit is disgorged in full.
- Authority / court
- Hauptzollamt Singen (Finanzkontrolle Schwarzarbeit)
- Area of law
- Health and safety and employment law · Minimum wage and undeclared work
- Legal basis
- Mindestlohngesetz; Arbeitnehmer-Entsendegesetz (Aufzeichnungs- und Meldepflichten)
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- final
- Sector
- Construction and real estate
- Liability of senior managers
- Separate fine of 17,500 EUR against the managing director.
- Published
- 9 Jan 2026
- Zeit, Geld, Meldepflicht – Zoll ahndet Verstöße mit sechsstelligem Bußgeld (Hauptzollamt Singen) Press release of an authority
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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27 Oct 2025 SINOP ALFA, s.r.o.SINOP ALFA: 70,000 EUR for refusing to hand over business mobile phone during inspection €70,000
During an unannounced inspection in the air-conditioning, refrigeration and heat pump services sector, the company repeatedly refused to produce a mobile phone used for business purposes. The Protimonopolný úrad Slovenskej republiky (Antimonopoly Office of the Slovak Republic, PMÚ SR) regarded this as obstruction of the inspection and imposed 70,000 EUR, around 1% of the previous year’s turnover (not final).
Business smartphones are part of the documents that may be inspected – a dawn raid guide for employees prevents costly wrong reactions.
Conduct during inspections (dawn raids), handing over mobile devices
- Authority / court
- Protimonopolný úrad Slovenskej republiky (PMÚ SR)
- Area of law
- Competition law
- Legal basis
- Slowakisches Wettbewerbsschutzgesetz (Mitwirkungspflicht bei Nachprüfungen)
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- unknown
- Sector
- Construction and real estate
- Culpability
- intentional
- Published
- 28 Oct 2025
- KARTELY: PMÚ uložil pokutu za nespoluprácu počas inšpekcie Press release of an authority
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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1 Sep 2025 SIA "SILTUMTEHSERVISS", SIA "Apkure IM", SIA "ADAPTERIS", SIA "Alpex", SIA "Infrakom"Bid-rigging cartel in pipeline construction contracts – five construction firms pay 513,508 EUR €513,508
From 2021 to 2024, two groups of construction companies coordinated in more than 30 public tenders for the construction and repair of utility pipelines: they exchanged sensitive information, determined winners and submitted sham bids. Prompted by information from the contracting entity Rīgas namu pārvaldnieks, the Konkurences padome (Latvian Competition Council) imposed a total of 513,508.08 EUR.
Jointly preparing bids with competitors – even where the work is later carried out jointly – is a cartel; tender teams must know this.
Competition law in tenders
- Authority / court
- Konkurences padome (Lettischer Wettbewerbsrat)
- Area of law
- Competition law · Cartels and collusion
- Legal basis
- Art. 11 Abs. 1 Konkurences likums
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- unknown
- Sector
- Construction and real estate
- Mitigating circumstances
- All companies except Infrakom concluded a settlement with the Competition Council, acknowledged the facts and waived an appeal; in return, a 10% fine reduction.
- Published
- 10 Sep 2025
- KP atklāj karteli inženierkomunikāciju būvdarbu iepirkumos (10.09.2025) Press release of an authority
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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9 Jul 2025 Share buyback disclosed too late: BVwG reduces FMA penalty against real estate company €300,000
On Saturday, 17 December 2022, the management board of a listed real estate company (anonymised in the judgment) approved by email a new share buyback programme including its volume, period and price, but only published it after a formal resolution on Monday, 19 December 2022. Austria's Financial Market Authority (FMA) imposed a penalty of 375,000 EUR; the Federal Administrative Court (Bundesverwaltungsgericht, BVwG) upheld the breach of the ad hoc disclosure obligation but reduced the penalty to 300,000 EUR.
A final decision by a corporate body triggers the ad hoc disclosure obligation immediately – weekends and outstanding contractual details do not postpone it.
Ad hoc disclosure obligation for decisions of corporate bodies, including at weekends
- Authority / court
- Bundesverwaltungsgericht (Beschwerde gegen Straferkenntnis der Finanzmarktaufsicht FMA)
- Area of law
- Capital markets and financial supervision · Disclosure and reporting obligations
- Legal basis
- Art. 17 Abs. 1 MAR i. V. m. § 156 Abs. 3 Z 2, Abs. 4 BörseG 2018
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- reduced
- Sector
- Construction and real estate
- Culpability
- negligent
- BVwG W279 2310813-1 vom 09.07.2025 Court decision
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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2 Jul 2025 ATE, s. r. o.; AŽD Praha s.r.o.; EPLcond a.s.; MONZAS, a.s.; První SaZ Plzeň a.s.; STARMON s.r.o.Railway signalling: 157.7 million CZK against six companies for bid rigging €6.39m
The six companies colluded on cover bids, market sharing and prices in 26 contracts awarded by the state railway infrastructure administration (total value over 850 million CZK, 2015–2021). In a settlement procedure, the Úřad pro ochranu hospodářské soutěže (Czech Office for the Protection of Competition, ÚOHS) imposed a total of 157.693 million CZK at first instance; two companies appealed against the amount.
A cover bid submitted ‘as a favour’ is bid rigging – sales and costing teams must be aware of this.
Cover bids and collusion in public tenders
Missing or inadequate training played a role in the decision.
- Authority / court
- Úřad pro ochranu hospodářské soutěže (ÚOHS)
- Area of law
- Competition law · Cartels and collusion
- Legal basis
- Tschechisches Wettbewerbsgesetz, Art. 101 AEUV (Submissionsabsprachen)
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- under appeal
- Sector
- Construction and real estate
- Culpability
- intentional
- Mitigating circumstances
- Settlement (20% reduction, no procurement ban), leniency application by one participant and compliance programmes at two companies.
- Published
- 2 Jul 2025
Original amount 157,693,000 CZK, converted at the ECB reference rate of 2 Jul 2025.
- Office Fines Major Cartel in Railway Construction Sector More Than CZK 150 million Press release of an authority
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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13 May 2025 AS Asphaltstraßensanierung, BITUNOVA, Mainka u. a. (Straßenerhaltungskartell, 7 Unternehmen)Bundeskartellamt: 10.5 million EUR against seven road repair companies €10.5m
From 2016 to 2019, seven road repair companies allocated contracting authorities regionally, determined in advance who should win the contract and set each other minimum prices for cover bids. The Bundeskartellamt imposed fines of 10.5 million EUR; BITUNOVA cooperated as leniency applicant, and all proceedings ended in settlements. Addressees: AS Asphaltstraßensanierung GmbH, bausion Strassenbau-Produkte GmbH, BITUNOVA GmbH, Gerhard Herbers GmbH, Liesen … alles für den Bau GmbH, Mainka GmbH Straßenunterhaltung, MOT Müritzer Oberflächentechnik GmbH.
Cover bids are not only subject to fines but, for the employees involved, a criminal offence of bid rigging.
Cover bids and territorial agreements in tenders
- Authority / court
- Bundeskartellamt
- Area of law
- Competition law · Cartels and collusion
- Legal basis
- § 1 GWB
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- final
- Sector
- Construction and real estate
- Mitigating circumstances
- Leniency programme (BITUNOVA), settlement
- Liability of senior managers
- Criminal prosecution of the individuals involved by the Düsseldorf public prosecutor's office
- Published
- 13 May 2025
- Kartellabsprachen zwischen Straßenreparatur-Unternehmen Press release of an authority
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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15 Jan 2025 Saxony: fine against estate agent for breach of AML due diligence obligations €800
The Saxony State Directorate (Landesdirektion Sachsen), as anti-money laundering supervisor for the non-financial sector, imposed a fine of 800 EUR on an estate agent, announced in anonymised form, for breach of the due diligence obligations under the German Money Laundering Act (GwG). The list of announcements shows numerous further fines and reprimands against agents ranging from 50 to 5,000 EUR.
Estate agents must identify both contracting parties in good time – even small offices are subject to active anti-money laundering supervision.
Identification of contracting parties in property brokerage
- Authority / court
- Landesdirektion Sachsen (Geldwäscheaufsicht Nichtfinanzsektor)
- Area of law
- Money laundering and terrorist financing · Customer due diligence
- Legal basis
- Geldwäschegesetz (Sorgfaltspflichten); Bekanntmachung nach § 57 GwG
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- final
- Sector
- Construction and real estate
- Bekanntmachungen gemäß § 57 GwG – Landesdirektion Sachsen (lfd. Nr. 29) Official register or notice
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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19 Dec 2024 Danske Shoppingcentre P/SDanske Shoppingcentre: 350,000 DKK for camera above urinal in City2 shopping centre €46,909
Because of vandalism, the operator of the City2 shopping centre had installed cameras in toilet areas; one camera in the men’s toilets also captured the area in front of the urinal despite a black masking, and there were no signs. The court followed the Danish Data Protection Agency (Datatilsynet) and the public prosecutor and imposed 350,000 DKK for breach of the data minimisation principle.
Cameras have virtually no place in toilet and changing areas – masking parts of the image is no substitute for checking the location.
- Authority / court
- Retten i Glostrup (auf Anzeige der Datatilsynet)
- Area of law
- Data protection · Video surveillance
- Legal basis
- DSGVO Art. 5 Abs. 1 lit. c; databeskyttelsesloven § 41; tv-overvågningsloven
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- unknown
- Sector
- Construction and real estate
Original amount 350,000 DKK, converted at the ECB reference rate of 19 Dec 2024.
- Datatilsynet – Danske Shoppingcentre indstilles til bøde (mit Ausgang des Verfahrens) Press release of an authority
- Domsdatabasen – Retten i Glostrup SS-9747/2023-GLO, Dom 19.12.2024 Court decision
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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19 Dec 2024 CNIL: 40,000 EUR against estate agency over constant video surveillance of staff €40,000
An estate agency (name redacted in the publication) continuously filmed workstations and break areas with image and sound, accessible via a smartphone app, and used the software Time Doctor to record keyboard and mouse activity as well as screenshots of the computers; several people accessed this data via the administrator account of one of them. The French data protection authority (CNIL) found infringements of data minimisation, legal basis, information, security and the obligation to carry out an impact assessment, and imposed 40,000 EUR.
Permanent video and audio recording of workplaces is practically never proportionate – not even in a small business.
Permissible employee monitoring and password security
- Authority / court
- Commission nationale de l'informatique et des libertés (CNIL)
- Area of law
- Data protection · Video surveillance
- Legal basis
- Art. 5 Abs. 1 lit. c, Art. 6, 12, 13, 32, 35 DSGVO
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- unknown
- Sector
- Construction and real estate
- Délibération SAN-2024-021 du 19 décembre 2024 Decision of an authority
- CNIL – Les sanctions prononcées par la CNIL (Eintrag 19/12/2024, agence immobilière) Enforcement database of an authority
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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11 Dec 2024 Granit Bostad Beritsholm ABGranit Bostad Beritsholm: 200,000 SEK for round-the-clock video surveillance in a block of flats €17,366
The landlord monitored a multi-family building in Malmö around the clock with cameras at entrances, lifts, flat doors, in the stairwell, the basement and the refuse room, without any legal basis for doing so; the signs did not name the controller. The Swedish Authority for Privacy Protection (IMY) imposed 200,000 SEK and ordered the landlord to stop the surveillance except in the garage and to supplement the signs.
Video surveillance in residential buildings requires a balancing of interests for each individual area – problems such as vandalism do not justify blanket, permanent surveillance.
- Authority / court
- Integritetsskyddsmyndigheten (IMY)
- Area of law
- Data protection · Video surveillance
- Legal basis
- DSGVO Art. 6 Abs. 1, Art. 13
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- unknown
- Sector
- Construction and real estate
- Published
- 12 Dec 2024
Original amount 200,000 SEK, converted at the ECB reference rate of 11 Dec 2024.
- IMY – Tillsyn Granit Bostad Beritsholm AB Decision of an authority
- IMY – Beslut efter tillsyn, IMY-2023-15373 (11.12.2024) Decision of an authority
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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6 Nov 2024 Strabag AG (Köln); Kemna Bau Andreae GmbH & Co. KG als Kronzeuge ohne BußgeldBundeskartellamt: 2.79 million EUR against Strabag over collusion on Cologne's Zoobrücke €2.79m
In the tender for the refurbishment of the Zoobrücke bridge in Cologne in early 2017, employees agreed that one company would submit a cover bid so that the other would win the contract, in return for a later compensation payment. Strabag received a fine of 2.79 million EUR (settlement); the proceedings against Kemna were discontinued as it was the leniency applicant.
A single rigged tender is enough for a fine and criminal proceedings – compensation payments between bidders are a clear red flag.
Cover bids and compensation payments in individual tenders
- Authority / court
- Bundeskartellamt
- Area of law
- Competition law · Cartels and collusion
- Legal basis
- § 1 GWB
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- final
- Sector
- Construction and real estate
- Employees
- 10,000 or more
- Mitigating circumstances
- Settlement
- Liability of senior managers
- The Cologne public prosecutor's office is prosecuting the individuals involved under Section 298 StGB (German Criminal Code)
- Published
- 6 Nov 2024
- Geldbuße gegen die Strabag AG wegen Absprachen bei der Sanierung der Zoobrücke in Köln Press release of an authority
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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16 Oct 2024 OGH: 65,000 EUR fine against joinery over cover bids and market sharing €65,000
From February 2011 to October 2016, a construction and furniture joinery anonymised in the decision (J*, together with its general partner GmbH) participated in agreements on successful bidders, cover bids, market sharing and information exchange in tenders in Lower Austria and Vienna. The Cartel Court imposed a fine of 55,000 EUR only for 26 infringements up to June 2016; the OGH upheld the appeals of the BWB and the Federal Cartel Prosecutor and set a fine of 65,000 EUR on a joint and several basis for the entire period.
Even small craft businesses are penalised for cover bids – "courtesy bids" among colleagues are competition law infringements.
Cover bids in tenders for craft trades
- Authority / court
- Oberster Gerichtshof als Kartellobergericht (Antrag der Bundeswettbewerbsbehörde)
- Area of law
- Competition law · Cartels and collusion
- Legal basis
- § 1 Abs 1 KartG 2005, §§ 28, 29 KartG
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- final
- Sector
- Construction and real estate
- OGH 16 Ok 6/23b vom 16.10.2024 Court decision
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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28 Feb 2024 Bloem Infra B.V.; Den Ouden Infra B.V. (Kronzeuge, 0 €)Netherlands: 59,000 EUR against construction company over sham bid in school playground tender €59,000
In the tender for the design of a school playground in Roermond, Bloem Infra passed its bid on in advance to Den Ouden, which then deliberately bid higher (cover pricing). The Netherlands Authority for Consumers and Markets (ACM) imposed a fine of 59,000 EUR on Bloem Infra; Den Ouden escaped a fine as the first to come forward.
Even a single "helper bid" between construction companies on a small municipal contract is sanctioned – the first to come forward goes unpunished.
Passing on one's own bids to co-bidders
- Authority / court
- Autoriteit Consument & Markt (ACM)
- Area of law
- Competition law · Cartels and collusion
- Legal basis
- Art. 6 Mededingingswet (Kartellverbot)
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- unknown
- Sector
- Construction and real estate
- Mitigating circumstances
- Leniency programme (Den Ouden 100 %), fine reduction for Bloem Infra for cooperation and acknowledgement
- Published
- 7 Mar 2024
- Fine for cartel by building contractors involving the tender process for a school outdoor area Press release of an authority
- ACM, Boetebesluit aanbesteding buitenterrein Yuverta Roermond (28.02.2024) Decision of an authority
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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14 Dec 2023 BeMo Tunnelling, Echterhoff-Holland, Eiffage Infra-West, Fenne, Gehrken, IH Inpako, IHT, Karger, Korte, Mainka Bau, Möllmann, Rostek & Pesch, T&M Baugesellschaft, AKM VerwaltungsgesellschaftBundeskartellamt: 4.8 million EUR against 14 construction firms over collusion in industrial construction €4.8m
13 construction companies colluded on industrial construction contracts of Hüttenwerke Krupp Mannesmann (2011–2016), ThyssenKrupp Steel Europe (2007–2017) and Deutsche Edelstahlwerke (2014–2016) and sent each other their calculations so that the others could submit higher sham bids. The Bundeskartellamt imposed fines and liability amounts totalling around 4.8 million EUR on the companies, the former parent company AKM (the first liability amounts under the 2017 amendment to the GWB, the German Act against Restraints of Competition) and twelve responsible individuals; the leniency applicant Hermann Kassens escaped a fine.
Contracts from private industrial customers such as steelworks are also protected against bid rigging – exchanging calculations with competitors is prohibited.
Bid rigging in private industrial contracts
- Authority / court
- Bundeskartellamt
- Area of law
- Competition law · Cartels and collusion
- Legal basis
- § 1 GWB
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- final
- Sector
- Construction and real estate
- Mitigating circumstances
- Settlement by almost all companies; leniency applicant Hermann Kassens Bauunternehmung (proceedings discontinued)
- Liability of senior managers
- Fines or liability amounts imposed on twelve responsible individuals
- Published
- 14 Dec 2023
- Geldbußen und Haftungsbeträge wegen Absprachen im Industriebau Press release of an authority
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link