Compliance Radar
Who was sanctioned, and for what?
Fines, court rulings and incidents from Europe and North America: 718 cases from 32 jurisdictions, each with an official source and checked against that source before publication. Filter by country, area of law and sector. Click a chart to drill down one level.
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Where?
by regionAll jurisdictions
What for?
by topicWho?
by sectorAll sectors
- Retail and e-commerce 14 cases 14 % · €424.8m
- Construction and real estate 13 cases 13 % · €85.6m
- Energy and utilities 10 cases 10 % · €195.3m
- Food and agriculture 10 cases 10 % · €57.9m
- Telecoms, IT and software 8 cases 8 % · €47.2m
- Automotive 7 cases 7 % · €546.6m
- Media and online platforms 7 cases 7 % · €438m
- Chemicals and pharmaceuticals 6 cases 6 % · €489m
- Healthcare 6 cases 6 % · €27.1m
- Other 6 cases 6 % · €6.55m
- 6 more12 cases
When?
per quarter, by date of decision| Period | Cases | Total |
|---|---|---|
| Q3 2023 | 0 | — |
| Q4 2023 | 5 | €37.7m |
| Q1 2024 | 2 | €5.02m |
| Q2 2024 | 2 | €133,212 |
| Q3 2024 | 3 | €434.9m |
| Q4 2024 | 9 | €470m |
| Q1 2025 | 5 | €84m |
| Q2 2025 | 11 | €815.4m |
| Q3 2025 | 7 | €6.96m |
| Q4 2025 | 18 | €615.8m |
| Q1 2026 | 9 | €123.5m |
| Q2 2026 | 11 | €61.7m |
| Q3 2026 | 17 | €106.2m |
99 cases
24 Sep 2026 Plaček Pet Products s.r.o.Plaček Pet Products: 36.4 million CZK for minimum prices on pet food €1.49m
From January 2013 to March 2022, the distributor of premium pet food and pet supplies imposed minimum resale prices on its retailers and threatened sanctions if they were undercut. In a settlement procedure, the Úřad pro ochranu hospodářské soutěže (Czech Office for the Protection of Competition, ÚOHS) imposed 36.438 million CZK; the company ended the conduct after the inspection and introduced a compliance programme.
Never enforce recommended retail prices with supply stops or sanctions – sales teams need clear rules on this.
Price requirements imposed on retailers in sales
Missing or inadequate training played a role in the decision.
- Authority / court
- Úřad pro ochranu hospodářské soutěže (ÚOHS)
- Area of law
- Competition law · Cartels and collusion
- Legal basis
- Verbot vertikaler Preisbindung (tschechisches Wettbewerbsgesetz, Art. 101 AEUV)
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- final
- Sector
- Retail and e-commerce
- Culpability
- intentional
- Mitigating circumstances
- Termination immediately after the inspection, information of customers about free pricing, full cooperation, settlement and newly introduced compliance programme.
- Published
- 24 Sep 2026
Original amount 36,438,000 CZK, converted at the ECB reference rate of 24 Sep 2026.
- Distributor krmiv pro domácí zvířata dostal pokutu 36 milionů korun za diktování cen maloobchodníkům Press release of an authority
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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24 Sep 2026 M&J GroupCMA: fines against construction firm and two employees for concealing evidence during an inspection €58,149
During an inspection as part of an investigation into bid rigging, the Estimating Director Barry Pirrie instructed the Office Manager Tracey Woods to remove a work mobile phone and documents from the premises, and denied having a work mobile phone. The UK Competition and Markets Authority (CMA) imposed fines of 25,000 GBP on M&J, 20,000 GBP on Pirrie and 5,000 GBP on Woods.
Dawn raid training is mandatory: anyone who removes mobile phones or documents during an inspection is personally liable – even when acting on a superior's instructions.
Correct conduct during inspections (dawn raids), no removal of evidence
- Authority / court
- Competition and Markets Authority (CMA)
- Area of law
- Competition law · Cartels and collusion
- Legal basis
- Section 40A(1) Competition Act 1998
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- unknown
- Sector
- Construction and real estate
- Culpability
- intentional
- Liability of senior managers
- Personal fines against Barry Pirrie (20,000 GBP) and Tracey Woods (5,000 GBP)
- Published
- 24 Sep 2026
Original amount 50,000 GBP, converted at the ECB reference rate of 24 Sep 2026.
- CMA fines construction firm and staff for concealing evidence during inspection Press release of an authority
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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24 Sep 2026 Kalibrate Canada (Tochter der Kalibrate Technologies Ltd.)Canada: Kalibrate must stop sharing retailer-specific petrol station data Order
Kalibrate's "Market Intelligence" product passed on retailer-specific sales data from petrol stations that allowed conclusions to be drawn about competitors and could facilitate coordinated pricing behaviour. In an agreement registered with the Competition Tribunal, Kalibrate undertakes to supply only aggregated and time-delayed data – the first case under the reformed abuse of dominance rules.
Providers of market and price data must ensure that their products do not disseminate individualised competitor data.
- Authority / court
- Competition Bureau Canada (Consent Agreement beim Competition Tribunal)
- Area of law
- Competition law · Abuse of market power
- Legal basis
- Abuse-of-dominance-Bestimmungen des Competition Act (Fassung 2023)
- Action
- Order
- Status of proceedings
- unknown
- Sector
- Energy and utilities
- Published
- 24 Sep 2026
- Competition Bureau secures agreement with Kalibrate to protect competition in the retail gas industry Press release of an authority
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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17 Sep 2026 Lesy České republiky, s.p. (Lesy ČR)Lesy ČR: 17.3 million CZK for export ban on wood chips €710,383
From July 2021 to July 2024, the state forestry company contractually prohibited a customer from actively and passively exporting wood chips and logging residues and secured the ban with a right of termination. The Úřad pro ochranu hospodářské soutěže (Czech Office for the Protection of Competition, ÚOHS) considered this a restriction of competition by object under Czech and EU law and imposed 17.268 million CZK (first instance, not final).
State-owned companies are also subject to competition law – have export and resale bans in framework agreements legally reviewed before signing.
Anticompetitive clauses in supply contracts
- Authority / court
- Úřad pro ochranu hospodářské soutěže (ÚOHS)
- Area of law
- Competition law · Cartels and collusion
- Legal basis
- Tschechisches Wettbewerbsgesetz, Art. 101 AEUV (Exportverbot, S0733/2025)
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- unknown
- Sector
- Food and agriculture
- Mitigating circumstances
- Voluntary termination immediately after proceedings were opened.
- Published
- 17 Sep 2026
Original amount 17,268,000 CZK, converted at the ECB reference rate of 17 Sep 2026.
- Lesy ČR banned wood-chip exports and were imposed a fine of more than CZK 17 million Press release of an authority
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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26 Aug 2026 O2 Czech Republic a.s.; SHERLOG Technology, a.s.O2 Czech Republic and SHERLOG: 280 million CZK for customer allocation in vehicle tracking €11.7m
From December 2012 to June 2022, the two companies allocated customers for vehicle tracking and electronic logbook services between themselves and coordinated bids, including in public tenders. At first instance, the Úřad pro ochranu hospodářské soutěže (Czech Office for the Protection of Competition, ÚOHS) fined O2 262.32 million CZK and SHERLOG 18.357 million CZK and imposed a six-month ban on public contracts; for O2, the fine was increased instead of a procurement ban.
Do not let sales cooperation with competitors turn into customer allocation – e-mail arrangements about individual tenders are the typical evidence.
Coordination with cooperation partners on customers and tenders
- Authority / court
- Úřad pro ochranu hospodářské soutěže (ÚOHS)
- Area of law
- Competition law · Cartels and collusion
- Legal basis
- Tschechisches Wettbewerbsgesetz, Art. 101 AEUV (S0255/2023)
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- unknown
- Sector
- Telecoms, IT and software
- Culpability
- intentional
- Published
- 26 Aug 2026
Original amount 280,677,000 CZK, converted at the ECB reference rate of 26 Aug 2026.
- Fines exceeding CZK 280 million imposed on O2 Czech Republic and SHERLOG Technology for cartel agreement Press release of an authority
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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26 Aug 2026 Wolt DenmarkWolt: Competition Council finds abuse of dominant position vis-à-vis restaurants Order
In 2022–2024, the delivery service used a standard clause to prohibit restaurants from being cheaper on their own channels than on Wolt, while at the same time being able to grant discounts without consultation and to compensate customers up to 400 DKK at the restaurants’ expense. The Konkurrencerådet (Danish Competition Council) ordered the practice to cease, required Wolt to inform all restaurants and intends to enforce a fine through the courts.
Platforms with a high market share should have parity clauses and unilateral cost shifting in standard terms reviewed under competition law.
- Authority / court
- Konkurrencerådet (Danish Competition Council)
- Area of law
- Competition law · Abuse of market power
- Legal basis
- Konkurrenceloven; AEUV Art. 102
- Action
- Order
- Status of proceedings
- unknown
- Sector
- Media and online platforms
- Published
- 26 Aug 2026
- KFST – Wolt has abused its dominant position (26.08.2026) Press release of an authority
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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25 Aug 2026 Elizabeta Promet d.o.o., SolinCroatia: 10,000 EUR against Elizabeta Promet for deliveries without a written contract €10,000
As a buyer with significant bargaining power, the company from Solin purchased agricultural and food products from two suppliers without written contracts. The Agencija za zaštitu tržišnog natjecanja (Croatian Competition Agency, AZTN) considered this an unfair trading practice and, taking mitigating circumstances into account, imposed 10,000 EUR (date = publication).
In food purchasing, the mere absence of written supply contracts is an infringement – a simple contract standard prevents this.
Written form for supply contracts in food purchasing
- Authority / court
- Agencija za zaštitu tržišnog natjecanja (AZTN)
- Area of law
- Competition law · Abuse of market power
- Legal basis
- Zakon o zabrani nepoštenih trgovačkih praksi u lancu opskrbe hranom (ZNTP)
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- unknown
- Sector
- Food and agriculture
- Mitigating circumstances
- Several mitigating circumstances taken into account
- Published
- 25 Aug 2026
- Provedba ZNTP-a: AZTN kaznio ELIZABETU PROMET d.o.o., Solin s 10.000,00 eura zbog nametanja nepoštenih trgovačkih praksi Press release of an authority
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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19 Aug 2026 Sioux Erosion Control Inc.DOJ: jury convicts erosion control firm of price fixing in Oklahoma road construction —
A jury found Sioux Erosion Control, co-owner BG Dale Biscoe and employee Randall David Shelton guilty of having fixed prices for erosion control services, allocated contracts regionally and rigged bids on publicly funded road construction projects in Oklahoma (more than 100 million USD) from 2017 to 2023. Sentencing was still pending.
Subcontractors in public road construction are also targeted by prosecutors – up to and including jury convictions of individual employees.
Price-fixing and territorial agreements for subcontracted services in road construction
- Authority / court
- U.S. Department of Justice, Antitrust Division
- Area of law
- Competition law · Cartels and collusion
- Legal basis
- Section 1 Sherman Act
- Status of proceedings
- unknown
- Sector
- Construction and real estate
- Liability of senior managers
- Guilty verdict against co-owner BG Dale Biscoe and employee Randall David Shelton
- Published
- 20 Aug 2026
- Jury Convicts Erosion Control Company, Executive, and Employee for Roles in $100M Price-Fixing Conspiracy Press release of an authority
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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17 Aug 2026 Pluxee Česká republika a.s.; Edenred CZ s.r.o.; Up Česká republika s.r.o.Meal voucher cartel: 279 million CZK against Pluxee, Edenred and Up upheld with final effect €11.5m
From 2004 to 2018, the three issuers of paper meal vouchers coordinated with retail chains how many vouchers would be accepted per purchase. The President of the Úřad pro ochranu hospodářské soutěže (Czech Office for the Protection of Competition, ÚOHS) dismissed the appeals against the recalculation of the fines: Pluxee 132.271 million, Edenred 101.94 million and Up 44.941 million CZK, a total of 279.152 million CZK.
Coordinating seemingly technical conditions such as acceptance limits is also a cartel – industry discussions need clear boundaries.
Coordination of terms and conditions among competitors
- Authority / court
- Úřad pro ochranu hospodářské soutěže (ÚOHS)
- Area of law
- Competition law · Cartels and collusion
- Legal basis
- Tschechisches Wettbewerbsgesetz, Art. 101 AEUV (R0112/2025)
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- final
- Sector
- Financial services and insurance
- Culpability
- intentional
- Published
- 17 Aug 2026
Original amount 279,152,000 CZK, converted at the ECB reference rate of 17 Aug 2026.
- Chairman of the Czech Competition Authority Definitively Confirms Fines for Meal Voucher Issuers’ Cartel Press release of an authority
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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14 Aug 2026 Henkel AG & Co. KGaAHenkel/Liquid Nails: court blocks takeover of Loctite’s main competitor Order
Henkel wanted to buy the construction adhesive brand Liquid Nails for 725 million USD from the financial investor American Industrial Partners, thereby taking over the main competitor of its Loctite brand. After a seven-day trial, the federal court, on application by the Federal Trade Commission (FTC), issued a permanent injunction against the acquisition.
Acquiring the closest competitor carries a high risk of prohibition, even at a moderate deal volume.
- Authority / court
- U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York (auf Antrag der FTC)
- Area of law
- Competition law · Merger control
- Legal basis
- Section 7 Clayton Act; Section 13(b) FTC Act (Permanent Injunction)
- Action
- Order
- Status of proceedings
- unknown
- Sector
- Chemicals and pharmaceuticals
- Employees
- 10,000 or more
- Published
- 17 Aug 2026
- Statement on FTC Win Blocking Loctite, Liquid Nails Construction Adhesive Merger (17.08.2026) Press release of an authority
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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13 Aug 2026 „О-Рент“ ЕООД (sowie „Инжконсулт“ ЕООД und „Земекоп“ ЕООД)Construction machinery cartel: fine for O-Rent, compliance programme for all participants €2,403
The Комисия за защита на конкуренцията (Bulgarian Commission for the Protection of Competition, KZK) found a cartel in public tenders for mining and construction machinery (price fixing and market sharing, Art. 15 ZZK – Bulgarian Protection of Competition Act, Art. 101 TFEU). Inzhkonsult and Zemekop, as a single undertaking, were exempted from the fine; O-Rent received a sanction of 2,403.07 EUR. All three companies must introduce a competition law compliance programme within 60 days and report on it.
The authority now expressly requires compliance programmes – anyone bidding in tenders should have one before it is ordered.
Competition law in tenders; compliance programme
- Authority / court
- Комисия за защита на конкуренцията (КЗК, Bulgarische Wettbewerbskommission)
- Area of law
- Competition law · Cartels and collusion
- Legal basis
- Art. 15 Abs. 1 Nr. 1 und 2 ZZK; Art. 101 Abs. 1 lit. a und c AEUV
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- unknown
- Sector
- Construction and real estate
- Mitigating circumstances
- Immunity from fines for two participants (leniency programme)
- Published
- 20 Aug 2026
- КЗК Публичен електронен регистър – Производство (Решение № 797 от 13.08.2026; Volltext als PDF im Register) Official register or notice
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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7 Aug 2026 Hair-Line Kft.Hair-Line: 68.5 million HUF for price and territorial restrictions on hairdressing supplies €187,929
In 2018–2022, the distributor of professional hairdressing products (Alfaparf, Yellow) determined the prices at which its territorial representatives were allowed to sell to salons and retailers and restricted passive sales outside the territories. Under a settlement and with a commitment to a compliance programme, the Gazdasági Versenyhivatal (Hungarian Competition Authority, GVH) imposed 68.5 million HUF.
Commercial agent systems with territorial protection must not restrict resale prices or passive sales either.
Price and territorial restrictions in the distribution system
Missing or inadequate training played a role in the decision.
- Authority / court
- Gazdasági Versenyhivatal (GVH)
- Area of law
- Competition law · Cartels and collusion
- Legal basis
- Ungarisches Wettbewerbsgesetz, Verbot wettbewerbsbeschränkender Vereinbarungen (VJ/17/2022)
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- unknown
- Sector
- Retail and e-commerce
- Culpability
- intentional
- Mitigating circumstances
- Cooperation, acknowledgement in the settlement and commitment to a comprehensive compliance programme.
- Published
- 7 Aug 2026
Original amount 68,500,000 HUF, converted at the ECB reference rate of 7 Aug 2026.
- Korlátozta a versenyt az egyik ismert hazai fodrászcikk forgalmazó, komoly GVH-bírság lett a vége Press release of an authority
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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6 Aug 2026 AS Asphaltstraßensanierung GmbH, BITUNOVA GmbH, Kutter Spezialstraßenbau GmbH & Co. KG, Possehl Construction GmbH (inkl. VSI), Liesen…alles für den Bau GmbH, OAT GmbH/Otto Alte-Teigeler GmbHBundeskartellamt: 60.3 million EUR against DSK road repair cartel €60.3m
From around 2010 to September 2019, six suppliers of thin cold-laid asphalt surface layers (Dünne Asphaltdeckschichten in Kaltbauweise, DSK) allocated customers – primarily public contracting authorities – and contracts among themselves nationwide and coordinated prices. Germany's Federal Cartel Office (Bundeskartellamt) imposed fines of around 60.3 million EUR; all proceedings ended in settlements.
Anyone who "shares out" public contracts regionally risks fines running into millions – calculations and bids must always be prepared independently.
Customer allocation and bid rigging in public contracts
- Authority / court
- Bundeskartellamt
- Area of law
- Competition law · Cartels and collusion
- Legal basis
- § 1 GWB, Art. 101 AEUV
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- final
- Sector
- Construction and real estate
- Mitigating circumstances
- Leniency bonus for Possehl/VSI, Bitunova, Kutter and AS; settlement
- Published
- 6 Aug 2026
- Bußgelder wegen Kartellabsprachen im Bereich Straßenreparatur mit DSK Press release of an authority
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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6 Aug 2026 „Чили Хилс Фудс“ ООД (Chili Hills Foods OOD)Chili Hills Foods: 20,022 EUR for false copying allegations against competitor €20,022
From May 2024, in social media videos (campaign ‘Създавай! Не копирай!’), the company falsely accused a competing family business for hot chillies of having stolen its business, ideas and concept, and promoted the clips partly through paid advertising. The Комисия за защита на конкуренцията (Bulgarian Commission for the Protection of Competition, KZK) regarded this as unfair damage to reputation (Art. 30 ZZK – Bulgarian Protection of Competition Act), imposed 4% of 2025 net turnover (500,555 EUR), i.e. 20,022 EUR, and ordered immediate cessation. Appeals have been lodged against the decision.
Allegations against competitors on social media are only permissible if based on verifiable facts – paid reach aggravates the sanction.
Statements about competitors on social media
- Authority / court
- Комисия за защита на конкуренцията (КЗК, Bulgarische Wettbewerbskommission)
- Area of law
- Competition law
- Legal basis
- Art. 30 ZZK (Schädigung des guten Rufs eines Wettbewerbers)
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- under appeal
- Sector
- Food and agriculture
- Published
- 19 Aug 2026
- КЗК Публичен електронен регистър – Производство (Решение № 743 от 06.08.2026; Volltext als PDF im Register) Official register or notice
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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4 Aug 2026 AS "Latvijas valsts meži"7.86 million EUR against Latvijas valsts meži for breach of competitive neutrality €7.86m
From 2020 to April 2026, on the basis of old long-term logging contracts, the state forestry group supplied six wood processors with guaranteed quantities of roundwood outside public auctions, while all others could only buy through auctions. In its first decision on the competitive neutrality of public undertakings, the Konkurences padome (Latvian Competition Council) imposed 7,859,606.89 EUR and required equal sales conditions for all qualified bidders.
State-owned companies must allocate resources without discrimination – review historical special contracts regularly for competitive neutrality.
- Authority / court
- Konkurences padome (Lettischer Wettbewerbsrat)
- Area of law
- Competition law
- Legal basis
- Art. 14.1 Konkurences likums (Wettbewerbsneutralität)
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- unknown
- Sector
- Public sector
- Published
- 13 Aug 2026
- Konkurences padome konstatē konkurences neitralitātes pārkāpumu AS „Latvijas valsts meži“ darbībā (13.08.2026) Press release of an authority
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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21 Jul 2026 Maxxis International GmbH, Best4Tires Berlin GmbH, Reifen Müller GmbH & Co. KGBundeskartellamt: 11.9 million EUR over resale price maintenance in tyre distribution (Maxxis/CST) €11.9m
Maxxis guaranteed wholesalers fixed margins per tyre sold of the Maxxis and CST brands, monitored prices in particular on the Tyre24 platform and intervened when prices were too low. Germany's Federal Cartel Office (Bundeskartellamt) imposed fines totalling 11.9 million EUR on three companies and one responsible individual.
Margin guarantees and price controls vis-à-vis dealers constitute prohibited resale price maintenance – sales teams need clear rules for price discussions.
Influencing resale prices and price monitoring on platforms
- Authority / court
- Bundeskartellamt
- Area of law
- Competition law · Cartels and collusion
- Legal basis
- § 1 GWB (vertikale Preisbindung)
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- unknown
- Sector
- Automotive
- Mitigating circumstances
- Settlement with Maxxis and Reifen Müller
- Liability of senior managers
- Fine imposed on one responsible natural person (not named)
- Published
- 21 Jul 2026
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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15 Jul 2026 CalPlus GmbH, Elektronik-Kontor Messtechnik GmbH, TVW Meßtechnik GmbHBundeskartellamt: 453,000 EUR against distributors of test and measuring equipment €453,000
From 2016 to 2022, three distributors of test and measuring equipment coordinated discounts as essential price components and informed each other of customer contacts, usually with a request for "restraint". This was evidenced by more than 400 emails; the proceedings ended in settlements.
Small distributors are liable too: merely asking a competitor to "hold back" with a customer is a prohibited customer allocation agreement.
Email contacts with competitors about customers and discounts
- Authority / court
- Bundeskartellamt
- Area of law
- Competition law · Cartels and collusion
- Legal basis
- § 1 GWB
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- final
- Sector
- Manufacturing and mechanical engineering
- Mitigating circumstances
- Settlement; cooperation by Elektronik-Kontor Messtechnik taken into account
- Published
- 15 Jul 2026
- Bundeskartellamt verhängt Bußgelder wegen Preisabsprachen beim Vertrieb von Prüf- und Messgeräten Press release of an authority
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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25 Jun 2026 Самостоятелна медико-диагностична лаборатория „Лина“ ЕООДLaboratory Lina lures customers with free blood tests – 52,097 EUR for unfair competition €52,097
On application by its competitor Ramus, the Комисия за защита на конкуренцията (Bulgarian Commission for the Protection of Competition, KZK) established that the laboratory had offered packages of medical laboratory tests free of charge nationwide over extended periods (only against a fee of 2 leva for taking blood) – conduct shown by no other market participant outside joint campaigns. It found an infringement of the general clause of unfair competition law (Art. 29 ZZK – Bulgarian Protection of Competition Act) and imposed 0.3% of 2024 turnover, i.e. 52,096.55 EUR. Appeals have been lodged against the decision.
Permanent free offers to win customers can be unfair if they deviate significantly from market practice and drive out competitors.
- Authority / court
- Комисия за защита на конкуренцията (КЗК, Bulgarische Wettbewerbskommission)
- Area of law
- Competition law
- Legal basis
- Art. 29 ZZK (Generalklausel unlauterer Wettbewerb)
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- under appeal
- Sector
- Healthcare
- Published
- 2 Jul 2026
- КЗК Публичен електронен регистър – Производство (Решение № 591 от 25.06.2026; Volltext als PDF im Register) Official register or notice
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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24 Jun 2026 Kaufland Hrvatska k.d.Croatia: 300,000 EUR against Kaufland for unfair practices towards suppliers €300,000
The Agencija za zaštitu tržišnog natjecanja (Croatian Competition Agency, AZTN) found that Kaufland Hrvatska charged food suppliers fees for services not provided and for advertising not commissioned, and paid for perishable goods only after more than 30 days. For these unfair trading practices, and with repeat offending as an aggravating factor (final penalty already in 2020), it imposed 300,000 EUR (date = publication).
Purchasing departments must know the payment deadlines and fee prohibitions of UTP law – repeat offences become significantly more expensive.
Fair terms towards suppliers in purchasing
- Authority / court
- Agencija za zaštitu tržišnog natjecanja (AZTN)
- Area of law
- Competition law · Abuse of market power
- Legal basis
- Art. 4, 11, 12 Zakon o zabrani nepoštenih trgovačkih praksi u lancu opskrbe hranom (ZNTP)
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- unknown
- Sector
- Retail and e-commerce
- Repeat case
- yes
- Published
- 24 Jun 2026
- AZTN kaznio KAUFLAND HRVATSKA k.d., Zagreb s 300.000,00 eura zbog nametanja nepoštenih trgovačkih praksi Press release of an authority
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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5 Jun 2026 Portugal: 8.18 million EUR against three companies over advertising in TV recordings €8.18m
With the support of a consultancy, the three largest pay-TV providers agreed from 2019 to May 2025 to introduce advertising as a condition for accessing recordings and to standardise the marketing of this advertising space. The Autoridade da Concorrência (Portuguese Competition Authority, AdC) imposed 8,181,000 EUR on three companies; together with the fourth participant, already sanctioned earlier under a settlement, the fines add up to 13,351,000 EUR. Owing to ongoing court proceedings, the AdC did not publish the names in its announcement.
Jointly coordinated ‘industry solutions’ at customers’ expense are cartels – even when a service provider takes on the coordination.
Coordinated product changes among competitors
- Authority / court
- Autoridade da Concorrência (AdC)
- Area of law
- Competition law · Cartels and collusion
- Legal basis
- Lei da Concorrência (Lei n.º 19/2012), Art. 9.º (Processo PRC/2020/4)
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- unknown
- Sector
- Telecoms, IT and software
- Published
- 5 Jun 2026
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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3 Jun 2026 VF Hellas Ενδυμάτων Ε.Π.Ε. (VF Hellas, Tochter der VF Corporation)Greece: 954,485 EUR against VF Hellas for banning price comparison and Google Ads €954,485
The importer and wholesaler of the Vans, Eastpak and The North Face brands contractually prohibited its retailers from using price comparison portals and search engine advertising (in particular Google Ads). The Επιτροπή Ανταγωνισμού (Hellenic Competition Commission) regarded this as a hardcore restriction in online sales and, in a settlement procedure (Decision 913/2026), set a reduced fine of 954,485 EUR; date = press release.
Prohibiting retailers from using price comparison sites or search engine advertising is a hardcore restriction – distribution agreements should regularly undergo competition law review.
Competition-law-compliant design of dealer agreements in online sales
- Authority / court
- Επιτροπή Ανταγωνισμού (Hellenic Competition Commission)
- Area of law
- Competition law · Cartels and collusion
- Legal basis
- Art. 1 Gesetz 3959/2011; Art. 101 AEUV; Art. 4 lit. e VO (EU) 2022/720
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- unknown
- Sector
- Retail and e-commerce
- Mitigating circumstances
- Settlement procedure (Diettheti Diaforon) with fine reduction
- Published
- 3 Jun 2026
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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2 Jun 2026 Ascension Health Alliance; AmSurg LLC / Ambulatory Topco LLCAscension/AmSurg: seven ambulatory surgery centres must be sold Order
The non-profit hospital group Ascension wanted to acquire AmSurg for 3.9 billion USD. Owing to overlaps in outpatient surgery in five regions, the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) requires the sale of seven AmSurg centres to SC Affiliates and a gastroenterology practice, as well as transitional support.
Non-profit healthcare providers are also subject to merger control – regional market shares determine divestitures.
- Authority / court
- Federal Trade Commission (FTC)
- Area of law
- Competition law · Merger control
- Legal basis
- Section 7 Clayton Act; Section 5 FTC Act (Consent Order)
- Action
- Order
- Status of proceedings
- unknown
- Sector
- Healthcare
- Employees
- 10,000 or more
- FTC Requires Divestiture of Ambulatory Surgery Centers … Ascension Health-AmSurg Deal (02.06.2026) Press release of an authority
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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22 May 2026 Parrish & Heimbecker, Limited; GrainsConnect Canada Operations Inc.Canada: grain elevator must be sold in the takeover of GrainsConnect Order
The planned acquisition of GrainsConnect by Parrish & Heimbecker would have reduced competition for the purchase of wheat from farmers around Reford (Saskatchewan). The Competition Bureau reached an agreement under which P&H must divest the grain elevator in Reford to an approved buyer and continue to operate it normally until then.
Merger control also has local effects: even a single site can trigger a divestiture requirement.
- Authority / court
- Competition Bureau Canada (Consent Agreement beim Competition Tribunal)
- Area of law
- Competition law · Merger control
- Legal basis
- Competition Act (Kanada), Fusionskontrolle
- Action
- Order
- Status of proceedings
- unknown
- Sector
- Food and agriculture
- Published
- 22 May 2026
- Competition Bureau reaches agreement to protect competition for grain farmers in Saskatchewan Press release of an authority
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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6 May 2026 HP TRONIC Zlín, spol. s r.o.HP TRONIC Zlín: 39 million CZK for price requirements imposed on electronics retailers €1.6m
For more than ten years from 2012, the distributor and retailer of consumer electronics and household appliances set minimum resale prices for its retail customers, monitored them and sanctioned deviations. The Úřad pro ochranu hospodářské soutěže (Czech Office for the Protection of Competition, ÚOHS) imposed 38.971 million CZK; a leniency application, settlement and an improved compliance programme reduced the fine, and the company appealed against the amount.
Reprimanding retailers over low prices risks high fines – an effective compliance programme can reduce them but is no substitute for ending the practice.
Resale price maintenance in sales
Missing or inadequate training played a role in the decision.
- Authority / court
- Úřad pro ochranu hospodářské soutěže (ÚOHS)
- Area of law
- Competition law · Cartels and collusion
- Legal basis
- Tschechisches Wettbewerbsgesetz, Art. 101 AEUV (S0551/2023)
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- under appeal
- Sector
- Retail and e-commerce
- Culpability
- intentional
- Mitigating circumstances
- Leniency application, settlement and expansion of the internal compliance programme.
- Published
- 6 May 2026
Original amount 38,971,000 CZK, converted at the ECB reference rate of 6 May 2026.
- HP Tronic Faces Nearly CZK 40 Million Fine for Dictating Prices to Retailers Press release of an authority
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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30 Apr 2026 „Вазовски машиностроителни заводи“ ЕАД (VMZ)Arms manufacturer VMZ used a partner’s know-how for disposable grenade launchers – 50,855 EUR €50,855
On application by the client Armar, the Комисия за защита на конкуренцията (Bulgarian Commission for the Protection of Competition, KZK) found that VMZ had used technical documentation on disposable grenade launchers that had been provided in confidence (trade secret) contrary to the confidentiality agreements and good commercial practice (Art. 37(1) ZZK – Bulgarian Protection of Competition Act). Sanction of 50,855.09 EUR and obligation to cease, with immediate enforceability. Appeals have been lodged against the decision.
Design documents provided in confidence may only be used within the agreed scope – especially in sensitive industries.
Handling confidential know-how of business partners
- Authority / court
- Комисия за защита на конкуренцията (КЗК, Bulgarische Wettbewerbskommission)
- Area of law
- Competition law
- Legal basis
- Art. 37 Abs. 1 ZZK (Geschäftsgeheimnisse)
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- under appeal
- Sector
- Defence and security
- КЗК Публичен електронен регистър – Производство (Решение № 389 от 30.04.2026; Volltext als PDF im Register) Official register or notice
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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28 Apr 2026 Amica Chips S.p.A., Pata S.p.A., Preziosi Food S.p.A.Italy: 23.3 million EUR against Amica Chips, Pata and Preziosi Food over snack cartel €23.3m
In a secret, continuing agreement, three manufacturers of salty snacks and crisps divided up among themselves the supply of private-label snacks to food retailers. Fines: Amica Chips 8,239,210 EUR, Pata 7,555,387 EUR, Preziosi Food 7,503,550 EUR; this was the first time Italy's competition authority (Autorità Garante della Concorrenza e del Mercato, AGCM) applied its settlement procedure.
Retailers' tenders for private labels are competition – coordinated sham bids to retailers constitute a cartel.
Sham bids in retailers' private-label tenders
- Authority / court
- Autorità Garante della Concorrenza e del Mercato (AGCM)
- Area of law
- Competition law · Cartels and collusion
- Legal basis
- Art. 101 AEUV; Art. 14-quater Gesetz 287/1990 (Settlement)
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- unknown
- Sector
- Food and agriculture
- Mitigating circumstances
- Leniency reduction for Pata and Amica Chips; 10 % settlement discount for all
- Published
- 28 Apr 2026
- I871 - The Italian Competition Authority fines Amica Chips, Pata and Preziosi Food over €23 million Press release of an authority
- AGCM - Sanzioni per oltre 23 milioni di euro ad Amica Chips, Pata e Preziosi Food Press release of an authority
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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17 Apr 2026 Medirex s. r. o.; KLINICKÁ BIOCHÉMIA s.r.o.; Unilabs Slovensko, s. r. o.; synlab slovakia s. r. o.; Asociácia laboratóriíLaboratory cartel: 14.6 million EUR and procurement bans against diagnostic laboratories €14.6m
Four laboratories and their association coordinated negotiations on prices with health insurers, coordinated in tenders, exchanged sensitive information and allocated customers. At first instance, the Protimonopolný úrad Slovenskej republiky (Antimonopoly Office of the Slovak Republic, PMÚ SR) imposed 14,551,800 EUR and three-year procurement bans; Unilabs received a substantially reduced fine as leniency applicant and under a settlement.
Common negotiating positions towards payers via an association are a cartel – association meetings need minutes and a review of the agenda.
Information exchange among competitors and association work
- Authority / court
- Protimonopolný úrad Slovenskej republiky (PMÚ SR)
- Area of law
- Competition law · Cartels and collusion
- Legal basis
- Slowakisches Wettbewerbsschutzgesetz (Kartellverbot)
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- unknown
- Sector
- Healthcare
- Culpability
- intentional
- Mitigating circumstances
- Unilabs: leniency reduction (50%) and settlement (a further 30%).
- Published
- 12 May 2026
- KARTELY: PMÚ odhalil kartel laboratórií a uložil pokuty takmer 15 miliónov eur Press release of an authority
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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16 Apr 2026 Synadis Bio, Greenweez (mit Carrefour SA), ITM Entreprises (mit Les Mousquetaires), Les Comptoirs de la BioFrance: 12.67 million EUR over allocation of distribution channels for organic food €12.7m
Through the association Synadis Bio, market participants ensured for more than seven years that organic brands were not sold simultaneously in specialist organic shops and in conventional supermarkets, in order to prevent price comparisons (decision 26-D-05). Fines: Synadis Bio 10 million EUR, Greenweez/Carrefour 1.85 million EUR, ITM 740,000 EUR, Les Comptoirs de la Bio 80,000 EUR.
Association decisions that tie members to particular distribution channels amount to market sharing – even if they are justified as a quality or positioning policy.
Association rules to foreclose distribution channels
- Authority / court
- Autorité de la concurrence
- Area of law
- Competition law · Cartels and collusion
- Legal basis
- Art. L.420-1 Code de commerce, Art. 101 Abs. 1 AEUV; Bußgeldbemessung nach Art. L.464-2 Code de commerce
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- under appeal
- Sector
- Food and agriculture
- Published
- 16 Apr 2026
- L'Autorité de la concurrence sanctionne à hauteur de 12,67 millions d'euros (Entscheidung 26-D-05) Press release of an authority
- Décision 26-D-05 (version publique) Decision of an authority
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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12 Mar 2026 Associação Portuguesa das Empresas do Setor Privado de Emprego e de Recursos Humanos (APESPE)Portugal: 4.5 million EUR against temporary work association APESPE for no-poach rule €4.52m
From 1987 to March 2025, the association of temporary work agencies (around 40 members) obliged its members in its code of ethics not to poach each other’s temporary workers. The Autoridade da Concorrência (Portuguese Competition Authority, AdC) regarded this as an anticompetitive decision by an association in the labour market and imposed 4,519,000 EUR, calculated on the basis of the members’ turnover; the decision can be appealed (date = press release).
An association’s code of ethics can also be a cartel – no-poach agreements between competitors are off limits.
No-poach agreements in association rules
- Authority / court
- Autoridade da Concorrência (AdC)
- Area of law
- Competition law · Cartels and collusion
- Legal basis
- Lei da Concorrência (Lei n.º 19/2012), Art. 9.º
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- unknown
- Sector
- Other
- Published
- 12 Mar 2026
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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6 Mar 2026 ΚΟΜΠΑ Μονοπρόσωπη Ε.Π.Ε. und HAPPY DOG Α.Ε. ΖωοτροφώνGreece: around 482,500 EUR against pet food importers for resale price maintenance €482,498
Two importers of dog and cat food monitored their retailers’ consumer prices on price comparison portals and asked them to adjust them to their price lists; the retailers complied. In a settlement procedure (Decision 901/2026), the Επιτροπή Ανταγωνισμού (Hellenic Competition Commission) imposed 387,498 EUR on KOMPA and 95,000 EUR on Happy Dog; the case began with a tip-off via the authority’s anonymous whistleblowing platform.
Recommended prices must not be enforced through monitoring and calls to retailers – and authorities’ whistleblowing channels make such practices visible.
Prohibition of resale price maintenance in sales
- Authority / court
- Επιτροπή Ανταγωνισμού (Hellenic Competition Commission)
- Area of law
- Competition law · Cartels and collusion
- Legal basis
- Art. 1 Gesetz 3959/2011; Art. 101 AEUV
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- unknown
- Sector
- Retail and e-commerce
- Mitigating circumstances
- Settlement procedure with reduced fines
- Published
- 6 Mar 2026
- Δελτίο Τύπου – Πρόστιμα σε επιχειρήσεις προμήθειας ζωοτροφών για ζώα συντροφιάς Press release of an authority
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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5 Mar 2026 SIA "SS"Classifieds portal ss.lv blocked users of competitor – fine of 186,781 EUR €186,781
From March 2020 to May 2021, the operator of ss.lv/ss.com (market share over 60%) deleted advertisements and blocked accounts of users – mainly car dealers and estate agents – who also advertised on the competing platform pp.lv; anyone wishing to register with an inbox.lv address additionally had to provide a different e-mail address. The Konkurences padome (Latvian Competition Council) considered this an abuse of a dominant position (Art. 102 TFEU), imposed 186,780.65 EUR and required objective criteria for dealing with customers.
Market-leading platforms must not punish users for multi-homing – internal moderation rules need objective criteria.
Competition law limits in dealing with competitors’ customers
- Authority / court
- Konkurences padome (Lettischer Wettbewerbsrat)
- Area of law
- Competition law · Abuse of market power
- Legal basis
- Art. 102 AEUV
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- unknown
- Sector
- Media and online platforms
- Published
- 18 Mar 2026
- KP konstatē SIA „SS“ dominējoša stāvokļa ļaunprātīgu izmantošanu … naudas sodu 186 780,65 EUR (18.03.2026) Press release of an authority
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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12 Feb 2026 ELKOND HHK, VUKI, Prysmian, NKT, KABEX u. a. (Kabelkartell, 9 Unternehmen und ein Verband)Cable cartel: PMÚ imposes record fines of 97.4 million EUR €97.4m
Manufacturers and suppliers of copper and aluminium cables coordinated a common calculation of the metal surcharge, which makes up a significant part of the final price; an industry association acted as facilitator. The Protimonopolný úrad Slovenskej republiky (Antimonopoly Office of the Slovak Republic, PMÚ SR) imposed a total of 97,434,800 EUR, the highest amount in a single proceeding; two leniency applicants were not fined (not final). Addressees: ELKOND HHK, a.s.; VUKI a.s.; Prysmian Kablo s.r.o.; Prysmian Kabely, s.r.o.; Kablo Vrchlabí s.r.o.; NKT s.r.o.; PRECON s.r.o.; Tele–Fonika Kabely CZ s.r.o.; KABELOVNA KABEX a. s.; Asociace výrobců kabelů a vodičů ČR a SR (leniency applicants without a fine: ICS Industrial Cables Slovakia, PRAKAB).
A coordinated calculation formula for price components is also price fixing – association work needs competition law support.
Price coordination via associations and surcharge formulas
- Authority / court
- Protimonopolný úrad Slovenskej republiky (PMÚ SR)
- Area of law
- Competition law · Cartels and collusion
- Legal basis
- Slowakisches Wettbewerbsschutzgesetz (Kartellverbot)
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- unknown
- Sector
- Manufacturing and mechanical engineering
- Culpability
- intentional
- Published
- 11 Mar 2026
- KARTELY: PMÚ odhalil kartel výrobcov a dodávateľov káblov, uložil pokuty takmer 100 miliónov eur Press release of an authority
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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12 Feb 2026 DPG Media nv; Mediahuis nv; PPP Belgium bv; bpost nv (Kronzeuge)Press concession: 11.9 million EUR for collusion in newspaper delivery tender €11.9m
So that bpost would obtain the state concession for newspaper delivery for 2023–2027, its competitor PPP refrained from submitting a bid and in return received additional delivery volumes from DPG Media and Mediahuis (bid rigging). In a settlement procedure, the Autorité belge de la Concurrence / Belgische Mededingingsautoriteit (Belgian Competition Authority, BMA) imposed 3,786,574 EUR (DPG Media), 7,788,423 EUR (Mediahuis) and 323,486 EUR (PPP); bpost, as leniency applicant, received full immunity, and two bpost employees involved were fined a total of 6,300 EUR.
Agreements on who participates in a tender are hardcore cartels – individuals are also liable, and leniency applicants benefit.
Collusion in public tenders
- Authority / court
- Autorité belge de la Concurrence / Belgische Mededingingsautoriteit (BMA)
- Area of law
- Competition law · Cartels and collusion
- Legal basis
- Code de droit économique Art. IV.1; AEUV Art. 101
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- final
- Sector
- Media and online platforms
- Mitigating circumstances
- Leniency programme (immunity for bpost; reductions of 50% and 40% for DPG Media and Mediahuis respectively) and 10% settlement reduction.
- Liability of senior managers
- First-ever fines against two natural persons (employed by bpost), totalling 6,300 EUR.
- Published
- 13 Feb 2026
- BMA – Communiqué de presse N° 6/2026 (13.02.2026) Press release of an authority
- BMA – Beslissing BMA-2026-RPR-04-AUD (Krantenconcessie), publieke versie, 12.02.2026 Decision of an authority
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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12 Feb 2026 UAB „Manado“, MB „Parts ready“Manado and Parts ready: cartel in Vilnius public transport spare parts tender €41,080
In two tenders by ‘Vilniaus viešasis transportas’ for vehicle spare parts (May–October 2025), the dealers coordinated bids and prices, wrote the bids for each other and sent them from the same computer. The contracting entity reported the suspicion. Following acknowledgement (minus 15%), fines of 17,950 EUR (Manado) and 23,130 EUR (Parts ready). Source: archived copy of the press release.
Even jointly prepared bids by small dealers are a cartel – and contracting entities increasingly recognise such patterns.
Competition law in tenders
- Authority / court
- Konkurencijos taryba (Litauischer Wettbewerbsrat)
- Area of law
- Competition law · Cartels and collusion
- Legal basis
- Konkurencijos įstatymas (verbotene Vereinbarungen)
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- unknown
- Sector
- Automotive
- Mitigating circumstances
- Acknowledgement of the infringement (15% reduction)
- Published
- 12 Feb 2026
- Konkurencijos taryba, Pranešimas 2026-02-12 (Archivkopie web.archive.org von kt.gov.lt) Press release of an authority
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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29 Jan 2026 RASEMA s.r.o.; M – D – J, spol. s.r.o.; SIMA plus Krompachy, s.r.o.; BarCom spol. s.r.o.Photovoltaic tender: 1.1 million EUR – the contracting entity was also a cartel member €1.1m
In a tender for industrial photovoltaic installations that was to be financed from EU Structural Funds, three bidders coordinated their bids so that a pre-selected bidder would win; the contracting entity BarCom acted as facilitator. The Protimonopolný úrad Slovenskej republiky (Antimonopoly Office of the Slovak Republic, PMÚ SR) imposed a total of 1,098,200 EUR and three-year procurement bans on all four; the EU funding was refused because of the indications of competition infringements, and the collusion was proven by e-mails secured during the inspection.
A contracting entity that determines the winner of a funded tender in advance is itself liable under competition law and additionally risks losing the funding.
Collusion in funded procurement
- Authority / court
- Protimonopolný úrad Slovenskej republiky (PMÚ SR)
- Area of law
- Competition law · Cartels and collusion
- Legal basis
- Slowakisches Wettbewerbsschutzgesetz (Submissionsabsprache)
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- unknown
- Sector
- Energy and utilities
- Culpability
- intentional
- Published
- 11 Feb 2026
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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29 Jan 2026 Associação de Guias de Informação Turística dos Açores (AGITA)Portugal: 8,200 EUR against Azores tour guide association for minimum price list €8,200
Since 2020, the only association of tour guides in the Azores (57 active members, around 43% of active guides) had recommended a fee table to its members by e-mail as minimum prices. Following a complaint, the Autoridade da Concorrência (Portuguese Competition Authority, AdC) imposed 8,200 EUR, taking the economic situation into account (date = press release).
Even small professional associations must not circulate fee tables as minimum prices – an e-mail is sufficient evidence.
No price recommendations by professional associations
- Authority / court
- Autoridade da Concorrência (AdC)
- Area of law
- Competition law · Cartels and collusion
- Legal basis
- Lei da Concorrência (Lei n.º 19/2012), Art. 9.º; Art. 101 AEUV
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- unknown
- Sector
- Other
- Published
- 29 Jan 2026
- AdC sanciona Associação de Guias de Informação Turística dos Açores por fixação de preços Press release of an authority
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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20 Jan 2026 PHOENIX Zdravotnícke zásobovanie, a.s.; TRANSMEDIC SLOVAKIA, s.r.o. (in Konkurs)Pharmaceutical cartel uncovered thanks to whistleblower: 7.8 million EUR against PHOENIX and TRANSMEDIC €7.8m
The two companies colluded in tenders of the General Health Insurance Company for the supply of medicines (2017–2020). For the first time, a cartel was uncovered on the basis of information from a whistleblower; the Protimonopolný úrad Slovenskej republiky (Antimonopoly Office of the Slovak Republic, PMÚ SR) imposed 7,595,200 EUR and a one-year procurement ban on PHOENIX and 201,800 EUR and a three-year procurement ban on TRANSMEDIC (first instance).
Whistleblowers receive a reward in Slovakia – internal reporting channels should be faster than the route to the authority.
Bid rigging in public tenders; whistleblowing channels
- Authority / court
- Protimonopolný úrad Slovenskej republiky (PMÚ SR)
- Area of law
- Competition law · Cartels and collusion
- Legal basis
- Slowakisches Wettbewerbsschutzgesetz (Submissionsabsprache)
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- unknown
- Sector
- Healthcare
- Culpability
- intentional
- Mitigating circumstances
- PHOENIX: settlement with a 30% fine reduction and a shortened procurement ban.
- Published
- 24 Feb 2026
- KARTELY: PMÚ aj vďaka whistleblowerovi odhalil kartel v dodávkach liekov a uložil pokuty takmer 7,8 milióna eur Press release of an authority
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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31 Dec 2025 C2MAC Group, Fonderie De Riccardis, Zanardi Fonderie u. a. (Gießereikartell, 12 Unternehmen und Assofond)Italy: 70 million EUR against 16 foundries and the association Assofond over price index cartel €70m
From 2004 to June 2024, foundries coordinated their pricing strategies via the association Assofond: they exchanged sensitive information and developed joint indexation mechanisms ("Assofond indicators") in order to push through price increases including margins. The AGCM imposed fines of 70 million EUR (maximum around 600 million EUR), taking the crisis in the sector into account as a mitigating factor. Addressees: C2MAC Group, Fonderia Corrà, Fonderie De Riccardis, Fonderie Guido Glisenti/Lead Time, Pilenga Baldassarre/E.F. Group, Fonderie Mora Gavardo/Camozzi Group, Zanardi Fonderie, VDP Fonderia, Fonderie Ariotti, Ironcastings, Fonderia Zardo, ZML Industries/Cividale, Assofond.
Joint price indices within an association are only permissible if they do not enable coordination of margins or prices – metalworking companies should have their association activities accompanied by competition law advice.
Association indices and price adjustment clauses as a coordination tool
- Authority / court
- Autorità Garante della Concorrenza e del Mercato (AGCM)
- Area of law
- Competition law · Cartels and collusion
- Legal basis
- Art. 101 AEUV
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- unknown
- Sector
- Steel and metals
- Mitigating circumstances
- The severe crisis in the foundry sector was taken into account in setting the fines
- Published
- 31 Dec 2025
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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23 Dec 2025 Ryanair DAC, Ryanair Holdings plcItaly: 255.8 million EUR against Ryanair for obstructing travel agencies €255.8m
From April 2023 until at least April 2025, Ryanair obstructed travel agencies from buying Ryanair flights in combination with other services, for example through facial recognition procedures, account deletions, blocking of means of payment and restrictive partner agreements. The AGCM considered this to be an abuse of a dominant position and imposed fines of 255,761,692 EUR on a joint and several basis.
Dominant providers must not use technical barriers to force sales partners and resellers out of the market.
- Authority / court
- Autorità Garante della Concorrenza e del Mercato (AGCM)
- Area of law
- Competition law · Abuse of market power
- Legal basis
- Art. 102 AEUV
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- unknown
- Sector
- Transport, logistics and shipping
- Employees
- 10,000 or more
- Published
- 23 Dec 2025
- A568 - Ryanair DAC and its parent company Ryanair Holdings plc fined over € 255 million for abuse of a dominant position Press release of an authority
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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18 Dec 2025 Snowball.xyz-Gruppe (Snowball.xyz, Šviesa, Tavo mokykla, Ateities pamoka) und AL holdingas-Gruppe (AL holdingas, Ugdymo sprendimai, UNT nuoma)E-register providers shared the market – 3.6 million EUR in cartel fines €3.63m
In August 2020, the operators of the electronic class registers ‘Tamo’ and ‘Eduka’ agreed to stop competing: one group kept the class register business, the other took over the digital learning content. Following acknowledgement of the infringement, the fines were reduced by 15%: 2,714,940 EUR jointly and severally for the Snowball.xyz group and 913,340 EUR for the AL holdingas group (Art. 101 TFEU). The decision can be appealed. Source: archived copy of the press release.
Agreements between competitors on ‘who does what’ are cartels – even when dressed up as portfolio streamlining.
Market sharing among competitors
- Authority / court
- Konkurencijos taryba (Litauischer Wettbewerbsrat)
- Area of law
- Competition law · Cartels and collusion
- Legal basis
- Konkurencijos įstatymas; Art. 101 AEUV
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- unknown
- Sector
- Telecoms, IT and software
- Mitigating circumstances
- Acknowledgement of the infringement (15% reduction)
- Published
- 18 Dec 2025
- Konkurencijos taryba, Pranešimas 2025-12-18 (Archivkopie web.archive.org von kt.gov.lt) Press release of an authority
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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18 Dec 2025 Bravogroup Holding Vagyonkezelő Kft.Bravogroup: 32.6 million HUF for unnotified stake in Xiaomi distributor €84,042
In February 2023, the IT holding company acquired a 50% stake with negative sole control in the Xiaomi distributor Mystical Hungary Zrt., but only approached the Gazdasági Versenyhivatal (Hungarian Competition Authority, GVH) after 582 days and notified the concentration thereafter. Following voluntary disclosure, acknowledgement and waiver of legal remedies, the authority imposed a significantly reduced 32.6 million HUF.
Blocking rights (negative control) can also trigger a notification requirement – review stakes under merger control law before signing.
Merger control for minority stakes with veto rights
- Authority / court
- Gazdasági Versenyhivatal (GVH)
- Area of law
- Competition law · Merger control
- Legal basis
- Ungarisches Wettbewerbsgesetz, Vollzugsverbot (VJ/20/2025)
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- final
- Sector
- Telecoms, IT and software
- Culpability
- negligent
- Mitigating circumstances
- Voluntary disclosure, acknowledgement and waiver of legal remedies.
- Published
- 18 Dec 2025
Original amount 32,600,000 HUF, converted at the ECB reference rate of 18 Dec 2025.
- Bejelentés és engedély nélkül végrehajtott fúzió miatt bírságolt a GVH Press release of an authority
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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17 Dec 2025 Greencore Group plcGreencore/Bakkavor: takeover only with sale of sauce plant in Bristol Order
In the planned acquisition of the food manufacturer Bakkavor, the Competition and Markets Authority (CMA) found a substantial lessening of competition in chilled own-label sauces for UK supermarkets. It cleared the merger only because Greencore undertook to sell its entire chilled soups and sauces plant in Bristol, including its employees, to a pre-determined purchaser.
Even overlaps in small product segments can hold up an entire acquisition – prepare remedies early.
- Authority / court
- Competition and Markets Authority (CMA)
- Area of law
- Competition law · Merger control
- Legal basis
- Enterprise Act 2002, s. 73(2) (Undertakings in lieu of reference)
- Action
- Order
- Status of proceedings
- final
- Sector
- Food and agriculture
- Published
- 18 Dec 2025
- CMA case page: Greencore / Bakkavor merger inquiry Official register or notice
- CMA: Decision on acceptance of undertakings in lieu of reference (ME/2257/25), 17.12.2025 Decision of an authority
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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15 Dec 2025 Exide, FET (inkl. Elettra), Rombat, EUROBAT (Clarios Kronzeuge)EU: 72 million EUR against starter battery manufacturers and the association EUROBAT €72m
From 2005 to 2017, the manufacturers of automotive starter batteries agreed, with the help of the association EUROBAT, to publish jointly calculated lead surcharges (EUROBAT premiums) and to use them in price negotiations with carmakers. Fines: Exide 30 million EUR, Rombat 20.218 million EUR, Elettra 15.594 million EUR, FET 6.11 million EUR, EUROBAT 125,000 EUR; Clarios escaped a fine as leniency applicant.
Suppliers may pass on raw material surcharges individually, but must never fix them in an industry-wide coordinated manner via association indices.
Joint raw material surcharges among competitors via association indices
- Authority / court
- Europäische Kommission
- Area of law
- Competition law · Cartels and collusion
- Legal basis
- Art. 101 AEUV, Art. 53 EWR-Abkommen
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- unknown
- Sector
- Automotive
- Mitigating circumstances
- Leniency programme (Clarios 100 %, FET 50 %, Rombat 30 %); reduction for inability to pay for one company; payment in instalments
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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11 Dec 2025 „ЗП Либра“ ООДZP Libra: 44,205 leva for poaching customers using competitor’s trade secrets €22,602
With the help of an employee of its competitor I&G Insurance Brokers who later moved to ZP Libra, the broker unfairly concluded a brokerage agreement to the detriment of the competitor and used the competitor’s trade secrets to poach customers. The Комисия за защита на конкуренцията (Bulgarian Commission for the Protection of Competition, KZK) imposed 29,470 leva (1% of 2024 turnover, Art. 36(1) ZZK – Bulgarian Protection of Competition Act) and 14,735 leva (0.5%, Art. 37(1) ZZK); fines totalling 1,000 leva were also imposed on the employee.
When hiring employees from competitors, make sure they do not bring customer lists or secrets with them – otherwise both the company and the individual are liable.
Taking customer data and trade secrets when changing employer
- Authority / court
- Комисия за защита на конкуренцията (КЗК, Bulgarische Wettbewerbskommission)
- Area of law
- Competition law
- Legal basis
- Art. 36 Abs. 1, Art. 37 Abs. 1 ZZK
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- unknown
- Sector
- Financial services and insurance
- Liability of senior managers
- Fines on the employee involved (1,000 leva in total)
- Published
- 16 Dec 2025
Original amount 44,205 BGN, converted at the ECB reference rate of 11 Dec 2025.
- КЗК Публичен електронен регистър – Производство (Решение № 1175 от 11.12.2025; Volltext als PDF im Register) Official register or notice
- КЗК санкционира „ЗП Либра“ ООД за нелоялна конкуренция, 17.12.2025 (Archivkopie web.archive.org von cpc.bg) Press release of an authority
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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5 Dec 2025 Volvo Hungária Kereskedelmi és Szolgáltató Kft.; Seres Gépipari Kereskedelmi Kft.; GIF Modul Kft.; Interteher Kft.; Eurotrade Kft.; He Hans Eibinger Kft. (MUT Kft. ohne Buße nach Entschädigung)Refuse vehicle cartel: over 1.5 billion HUF, of which 270 million for obstructing the inspection €4.06m
In 2014–2015, chassis and body manufacturers allocated contracts and submitted cover bids in tenders for refuse collection and sewer cleaning vehicles. The Gazdasági Versenyhivatal (Hungarian Competition Authority, GVH) imposed cartel fines of 1,278.4 million HUF (of which 972.9 million on Volvo Hungária) and, in addition, a record procedural fine of 270 million HUF on Volvo Hungária for obstructing access to data secured during the inspection.
Regular meetings on ‘capacity planning’ with competitors are cartel evidence – and obstructing an inspection costs extra.
Bid rigging and conduct during inspections
- Authority / court
- Gazdasági Versenyhivatal (GVH)
- Area of law
- Competition law · Cartels and collusion
- Legal basis
- Ungarisches Wettbewerbsgesetz, Art. 101 AEUV (Submissionsabsprachen, Verfahrensbuße; VJ/30/2018)
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- unknown
- Sector
- Automotive
- Culpability
- intentional
- Mitigating circumstances
- Admissions and leniency applications by most participants; MUT paid 116 million HUF in compensation to contracting authorities.
- Published
- 5 Dec 2025
Original amount 1,548,400,000 HUF, converted at the ECB reference rate of 5 Dec 2025.
- Kukásautó-kartellt tárt fel a GVH Press release of an authority
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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3 Dec 2025 The Boeing Company und Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc.Boeing/Spirit AeroSystems: takeover only with divestiture of Airbus supplier plants Order
For the 8.3 billion USD takeover of the fuselage and wing supplier Spirit AeroSystems, the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) required Boeing to divest Spirit’s Airbus businesses to Airbus and the plant in Subang, Malaysia, to CTRM, to provide transitional services and to continue supplying defence competitors. A monitor oversees implementation.
Vertical acquisitions of a supplier on which competitors also depend often only go through with divestitures and supply commitments.
- Authority / court
- Federal Trade Commission (FTC)
- Area of law
- Competition law · Merger control
- Legal basis
- Section 7 Clayton Act; Section 5 FTC Act (Consent Order)
- Action
- Order
- Status of proceedings
- unknown
- Sector
- Defence and security
- Employees
- 10,000 or more
- FTC Requires Boeing to Divest Several Spirit Assets to Proceed with Merger (03.12.2025) Press release of an authority
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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1 Dec 2025 SUROVINA d.o.o.; SALOMON d.o.o.; RECIKEL d.o.o.; DINOS d.o.o.Packaging waste: AVK finds market sharing by four waste management companies Order
In the reopened proceedings, the Javna agencija Republike Slovenije za varstvo konkurence (Slovenian Competition Protection Agency, AVK) found that the companies had shared the market for take-back schemes for packaging waste and agreed to stop providing their services to a competitor (now Interzero). The authority ordered immediate termination; the decision is not final, and an earlier decision from 2019 in the same matter is partly final.
An agreement to stop supplying a common competitor is a cartel – even in regulated waste management markets.
Boycott and market-sharing agreements
- Authority / court
- Javna agencija Republike Slovenije za varstvo konkurence (AVK)
- Area of law
- Competition law · Cartels and collusion
- Legal basis
- Art. 6 ZPOmK-1, Art. 101 AEUV (3062-5/2017)
- Action
- Order
- Status of proceedings
- unknown
- Sector
- Energy and utilities
- Published
- 16 Apr 2026
- Izrek odločbe z dne 1. 12. 2025 (3062-5/2017) Decision of an authority
- AVK – Odločitve agencije Enforcement database of an authority
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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17 Nov 2025 TotalEnergies Marketing France, Rubis Énergie, Rubis Terminal, EG RetailFrance: 187.5 million EUR against fuel suppliers over depot agreement in Corsica €187.5m
Between 2016 and 2023, the shareholders of the Corsican fuel storage company DPLC made the use of the depots conditional on a shareholding by means of a contractual clause; non-shareholders had to buy their fuel from their competitors, which could push up pump prices in Corsica (decision 25-D-07). Fines: TotalEnergies Marketing France 115.82 million EUR, Rubis 64.67 million EUR, EG Retail 7 million EUR.
Shared infrastructure of competitors must be open to third parties on fair terms – shareholder agreements should be reviewed under competition law.
Joint ventures of competitors and access conditions for third parties
- Authority / court
- Autorité de la concurrence
- Area of law
- Competition law · Cartels and collusion
- Legal basis
- Art. L.420-1 Code de commerce, Art. 101 AEUV
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- under appeal
- Sector
- Energy and utilities
- Employees
- 10,000 or more
- Published
- 17 Nov 2025
- Carburants en Corse : l'Autorité de la concurrence inflige une sanction de 187,5 millions d'euros Press release of an authority
- Décision 25-D-07 relative à des pratiques mises en œuvre dans le secteur de l'approvisionnement, du stockage et de la distribution des carburants en Corse Decision of an authority
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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14 Nov 2025 Valvoline Inc. und Greenbriar Equity Fund V, L.P.Valvoline/Greenbriar: FTC requires sale of 45 quick oil change shops Order
Valvoline wanted to acquire around 200 Oil Changers shops from Greenbriar for 625 million USD. Because the two competed directly in 25 local markets, under the proposed consent order the acquisition may only be completed if 45 shops are sold to Main Street Auto.
For branch networks too, the competition authority examines each local market individually – map overlaps before the deal.
- Authority / court
- Federal Trade Commission (FTC)
- Area of law
- Competition law · Merger control
- Legal basis
- Section 7 Clayton Act; Section 5 FTC Act (Consent Order)
- Action
- Order
- Status of proceedings
- unknown
- Sector
- Automotive
- FTC Requires Divestiture of Oil Change Shops in Valvoline-Greenbriar Deal (14.11.2025) Press release of an authority
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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6 Nov 2025 DoctolibFrance: 4.665 million EUR against Doctolib for abuse in doctor appointment booking €4.67m
Doctolib tied doctors with exclusivity clauses, bundled telemedicine with the appointment booking subscription and in 2018 acquired its main competitor MonDocteur in order to eliminate it (decision 25-D-06). Fines: 4.615 million EUR for exclusivity and tying, 50,000 EUR for the acquisition.
Platforms with high market shares should have exclusivity clauses, bundled offers and acquisitions of rivals reviewed under competition law.
- Authority / court
- Autorité de la concurrence
- Area of law
- Competition law · Abuse of market power
- Legal basis
- Art. 102 AEUV, Art. L.420-2 Code de commerce
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- under appeal
- Sector
- Healthcare
- Culpability
- intentional
- Published
- 6 Nov 2025
- L'Autorité de la concurrence sanctionne Doctolib à hauteur de 4 665 000 euros Press release of an authority
- Décision 25-D-06 relative à des pratiques mises en œuvre dans le secteur de la prise de rendez-vous médicaux en ligne Decision of an authority
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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6 Nov 2025 UAB „Emsi“Emsi took over four filling stations without merger clearance – 1.02 million EUR €1.02m
In 2024, Emsi acquired control of four filling stations in Kaunas, Vilnius and Maišiagala through leases (via an affiliated company) and purchases without obtaining the required clearances, ignoring previous notices from the Konkurencijos taryba (Lithuanian Competition Council). For two concentrations, fines of 545,160 EUR and 477,010 EUR were imposed, a total of 1,022,170 EUR, together with an obligation to remedy the situation within three months. Source: archived copy of the press release.
Even the long-term lease of individual sites may require notification – if in doubt, ask the authority beforehand.
Merger control also for leases of individual sites
- Authority / court
- Konkurencijos taryba (Litauischer Wettbewerbsrat)
- Area of law
- Competition law · Merger control
- Legal basis
- Konkurencijos įstatymas (Anmelde- und Genehmigungspflicht für Zusammenschlüsse)
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- unknown
- Sector
- Energy and utilities
- Published
- 6 Nov 2025
- Konkurencijos taryba, Pranešimas 2025-11-06 (Archivkopie web.archive.org von kt.gov.lt) Press release of an authority
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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3 Nov 2025 Groupe ParfaitFrance: 7.6 million EUR against Groupe Parfait for failing to meet merger remedies (Martinique) €7.6m
In 2022, clearance of an acquisition in food retail in Martinique was made conditional on the divestiture of a Géant Casino hypermarket by September 2023; Parfait only sold it in September 2025, allowed the value of the assets to deteriorate and obstructed the trustee (decision 25-D-05). Fines: 4.5 million EUR (divestiture), 2.5 million EUR (preservation of value), 600,000 EUR (cooperation).
Merger control commitments are binding – missed deadlines and a lack of cooperation with the trustee are sanctioned separately.
Compliance with merger remedies and cooperation with trustees
- Authority / court
- Autorité de la concurrence
- Area of law
- Competition law · Merger control
- Legal basis
- Verstoß gegen Zusagen aus Freigabeentscheidung 22-DCC-254 (Fusionskontrolle, Code de commerce)
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- under appeal
- Sector
- Retail and e-commerce
- Published
- 3 Nov 2025
- Distribution alimentaire à la Martinique : l'Autorité inflige au groupe Parfait des sanctions (25-D-05) Press release of an authority
- Décision 25-D-05 relative au respect des engagements annexés à la décision n° 22-DCC-254 Decision of an authority
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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31 Oct 2025 "MAXIMA Latvija" SIAMaxima Latvija pays 1.87 million EUR for price pressure on food suppliers €1.87m
From November 2021 to August 2024, the retailer (market share 28%) put pressure on economically dependent suppliers: price increases remained unapproved for months, lower prices were demanded in the form of ultimatums and delisting was threatened. The Konkurences padome (Latvian Competition Council) found an unfair trading practice, imposed 1,872,805 EUR and set clear deadlines for negotiations.
Purchasing departments of retailers with strong market power need clear rules for price negotiations – threats of delisting are off limits.
Fair purchasing negotiations with suppliers
- Authority / court
- Konkurences padome (Lettischer Wettbewerbsrat)
- Area of law
- Competition law · Abuse of market power
- Legal basis
- Negodīgas tirdzniecības prakses aizlieguma likums (NTPAL)
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- unknown
- Sector
- Retail and e-commerce
- Published
- 5 Nov 2025
- Konkurences padome soda „MAXIMA Latvija“ SIA par negodīgas tirdzniecības prakses īstenošanu (05.11.2025) Press release of an authority
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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30 Oct 2025 MM Grupp OÜCinema chain MM Grupp (Apollo) took over Forum Cinemas without clearance – 7.5 million EUR €7.51m
In 2021, the Estonian parent company of Apollo cinemas acquired control of Forum Cinemas Lithuania before the notified merger had been cleared and integrated the cinemas in Vilnius and Kaunas into its network, even though the Konkurencijos taryba (Lithuanian Competition Council) had provisionally expressed competition concerns. Fine of 7,507,930 EUR (0.8% of consolidated worldwide turnover) and obligation to end the infringement within six months. Source: archived copy of the press release.
No implementation before clearance: restructurings and leases can also constitute prohibited early implementation.
- Authority / court
- Konkurencijos taryba (Litauischer Wettbewerbsrat)
- Area of law
- Competition law · Merger control
- Legal basis
- Konkurencijos įstatymas (Vollzugsverbot bei Zusammenschlüssen)
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- unknown
- Sector
- Media and online platforms
- Published
- 30 Oct 2025
- Konkurencijos taryba, Pranešimas 2025-10-30 (Archivkopie web.archive.org von kt.gov.lt) Press release of an authority
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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27 Oct 2025 SINOP ALFA, s.r.o.SINOP ALFA: 70,000 EUR for refusing to hand over business mobile phone during inspection €70,000
During an unannounced inspection in the air-conditioning, refrigeration and heat pump services sector, the company repeatedly refused to produce a mobile phone used for business purposes. The Protimonopolný úrad Slovenskej republiky (Antimonopoly Office of the Slovak Republic, PMÚ SR) regarded this as obstruction of the inspection and imposed 70,000 EUR, around 1% of the previous year’s turnover (not final).
Business smartphones are part of the documents that may be inspected – a dawn raid guide for employees prevents costly wrong reactions.
Conduct during inspections (dawn raids), handing over mobile devices
- Authority / court
- Protimonopolný úrad Slovenskej republiky (PMÚ SR)
- Area of law
- Competition law
- Legal basis
- Slowakisches Wettbewerbsschutzgesetz (Mitwirkungspflicht bei Nachprüfungen)
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- unknown
- Sector
- Construction and real estate
- Culpability
- intentional
- Published
- 28 Oct 2025
- KARTELY: PMÚ uložil pokutu za nespoluprácu počas inšpekcie Press release of an authority
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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25 Sep 2025 „Смарт Софт“ ЕООДBidder Smart Soft denigrates competitor in letters to schools – 37,410 leva €19,128
During ongoing tenders for school equipment, Smart Soft sent dozens of identical letters to schools in the Plovdiv/Pazardzhik/Panagyurishte region containing untrue or distorted statements about its competitor Evroklas-konsult. The Комисия за защита на конкуренцията (Bulgarian Commission for the Protection of Competition, KZK) found damage to reputation (Art. 30 ZZK – Bulgarian Protection of Competition Act) over around two months and imposed 3% of 2024 turnover, i.e. 37,410 leva. An appeal has been lodged against the decision.
Have sales letters about competitors – especially to public contracting authorities – legally reviewed before they are sent.
Communication about competitors in sales
- Authority / court
- Комисия за защита на конкуренцията (КЗК, Bulgarische Wettbewerbskommission)
- Area of law
- Competition law
- Legal basis
- Art. 30 ZZK (Schädigung des guten Rufs eines Wettbewerbers)
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- under appeal
- Sector
- Telecoms, IT and software
Original amount 37,410 BGN, converted at the ECB reference rate of 25 Sep 2025.
- КЗК Публичен електронен регистър – Производство (Решение № 869 от 25.09.2025; Volltext als PDF im Register) Official register or notice
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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1 Sep 2025 SIA "SILTUMTEHSERVISS", SIA "Apkure IM", SIA "ADAPTERIS", SIA "Alpex", SIA "Infrakom"Bid-rigging cartel in pipeline construction contracts – five construction firms pay 513,508 EUR €513,508
From 2021 to 2024, two groups of construction companies coordinated in more than 30 public tenders for the construction and repair of utility pipelines: they exchanged sensitive information, determined winners and submitted sham bids. Prompted by information from the contracting entity Rīgas namu pārvaldnieks, the Konkurences padome (Latvian Competition Council) imposed a total of 513,508.08 EUR.
Jointly preparing bids with competitors – even where the work is later carried out jointly – is a cartel; tender teams must know this.
Competition law in tenders
- Authority / court
- Konkurences padome (Lettischer Wettbewerbsrat)
- Area of law
- Competition law · Cartels and collusion
- Legal basis
- Art. 11 Abs. 1 Konkurences likums
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- unknown
- Sector
- Construction and real estate
- Mitigating circumstances
- All companies except Infrakom concluded a settlement with the Competition Council, acknowledged the facts and waived an appeal; in return, a 10% fine reduction.
- Published
- 10 Sep 2025
- KP atklāj karteli inženierkomunikāciju būvdarbu iepirkumos (10.09.2025) Press release of an authority
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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26 Aug 2025 GXO Logistics, Inc. und Wincanton LimitedGXO/Wincanton: supermarket warehouse logistics must be sold after takeover Order
GXO had already acquired Wincanton in April 2024; the Competition and Markets Authority (CMA) imposed a hold-separate order, appointed a monitoring trustee and, in Phase 2, found a lessening of competition in dedicated warehousing services for grocery retail. Under the final undertakings, GXO committed to divest Wincanton’s business serving supermarket customers.
Anyone completing a deal before the merger review has concluded bears the risk of having to give up parts of the acquired business again.
- Authority / court
- Competition and Markets Authority (CMA)
- Area of law
- Competition law · Merger control
- Legal basis
- Enterprise Act 2002, ss. 41, 82, 90 (Final Undertakings)
- Action
- Order
- Status of proceedings
- final
- Sector
- Transport, logistics and shipping
- CMA case page: GXO / Wincanton merger inquiry Official register or notice
- CMA: Notice of acceptance of Final Undertakings (GXO / Wincanton), 26.08.2025 Decision of an authority
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25 Aug 2025 PAUPE HOLDING SA, Bitusag S.A., Bitusag Neuchâtel SA, Wyss Fils SA, Prodo SA, Duckert SAWEKO fines road maintenance firms in Jura/Neuchâtel over bid rigging Fine
Regional suppliers of surface treatments and chip sealing in road maintenance colluded on bids and allocated territories. Switzerland's Competition Commission (Wettbewerbskommission, WEKO) imposed sanctions on Bitusag/Paupe (jointly and severally, CHF 640,000–990,000, exact amount redacted), Wyss Fils (CHF 44,000–74,000), Prodo (CHF 760) and Duckert (CHF 0) and approved amicable settlements; the investigation against Colas Suisse was discontinued.
Small regional road builders are also sanctioned – cover bids and territorial protection must disappear from corporate culture.
Cover bids and territorial agreements in regional road construction
- Authority / court
- Wettbewerbskommission (WEKO)
- Area of law
- Competition law · Cartels and collusion
- Legal basis
- Art. 5 Abs. 3 i.V.m. Abs. 1 KG, Art. 49a Abs. 1 KG
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- unknown
- Sector
- Construction and real estate
- Mitigating circumstances
- Amicable settlements; leniency programme (Duckert free of sanctions)
- Enduits superficiels et gravillonnage : Décision du 25 août 2025 Decision of an authority
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13 Aug 2025 Portugal: 30,000 EUR for exclusive tying of banana growers on Madeira €30,000
A dominant company for the collection, distribution and marketing of Madeira bananas (name not given) required producers to sign exclusivity declarations. In a settlement procedure (PRC/2025/6), it ended the practice and paid 30,000 EUR (date = press release).
Dominant buyers must not tie suppliers through exclusivity clauses – even small regional markets are being watched.
- Authority / court
- Autoridade da Concorrência (AdC)
- Area of law
- Competition law · Abuse of market power
- Legal basis
- Lei da Concorrência (Lei n.º 19/2012), Art. 11.º; Art. 102 AEUV
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- final
- Sector
- Food and agriculture
- Mitigating circumstances
- Settlement (transação), full cooperation, immediate cessation, short duration
- Published
- 13 Aug 2025
- AdC sanciona empresa por abuso de posição dominante na comercialização de banana da Madeira Press release of an authority
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25 Jul 2025 Tamro Eesti OÜTamro Eesti: order against unfair payment terms for food supplements Order
In consignment agreements, the pharmaceutical wholesaler had made payment to suppliers of food supplements dependent on subsequent resale (payment period over 30 days) and had reserved the right to hold suppliers liable for spoiled goods. The Konkurentsiamet (Estonian Competition Authority) found infringements of the act on unfair trading practices in the food supply chain and ordered amended contractual terms.
Purchasing terms in the food sector – including for food supplements – must comply with the 30-day payment period and the prohibition on shifting risk.
- Authority / court
- Konkurentsiamet (Estnische Wettbewerbsbehörde)
- Area of law
- Competition law · Abuse of market power
- Legal basis
- § 4 Abs. 1 und 2, § 5 Abs. 2, § 7 Abs. 1 PTEKS (UTP-Richtlinie (EU) 2019/633)
- Action
- Order
- Status of proceedings
- unknown
- Sector
- Chemicals and pharmaceuticals
- Ettekirjutus Tamro Eesti OÜ-le ebaausate kaubandustavade kasutamise lõpetamiseks nr 11-4/2025-001, 25.07.2025 Decision of an authority
- Konkurentsiamet – Ausad kaubandustavad: juhtumid Official register or notice
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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2 Jul 2025 ATE, s. r. o.; AŽD Praha s.r.o.; EPLcond a.s.; MONZAS, a.s.; První SaZ Plzeň a.s.; STARMON s.r.o.Railway signalling: 157.7 million CZK against six companies for bid rigging €6.39m
The six companies colluded on cover bids, market sharing and prices in 26 contracts awarded by the state railway infrastructure administration (total value over 850 million CZK, 2015–2021). In a settlement procedure, the Úřad pro ochranu hospodářské soutěže (Czech Office for the Protection of Competition, ÚOHS) imposed a total of 157.693 million CZK at first instance; two companies appealed against the amount.
A cover bid submitted ‘as a favour’ is bid rigging – sales and costing teams must be aware of this.
Cover bids and collusion in public tenders
Missing or inadequate training played a role in the decision.
- Authority / court
- Úřad pro ochranu hospodářské soutěže (ÚOHS)
- Area of law
- Competition law · Cartels and collusion
- Legal basis
- Tschechisches Wettbewerbsgesetz, Art. 101 AEUV (Submissionsabsprachen)
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- under appeal
- Sector
- Construction and real estate
- Culpability
- intentional
- Mitigating circumstances
- Settlement (20% reduction, no procurement ban), leniency application by one participant and compliance programmes at two companies.
- Published
- 2 Jul 2025
Original amount 157,693,000 CZK, converted at the ECB reference rate of 2 Jul 2025.
- Office Fines Major Cartel in Railway Construction Sector More Than CZK 150 million Press release of an authority
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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26 Jun 2025 SIA "Mārupes komunālie pakalpojumi"Water utility Mārupes komunālie pakalpojumi abuses monopoly over additional meters €78,056
From January 2022, by internal instruction, the municipal water utility reserved to itself the installation of additional water meters (for example for garden water), thereby excluding other providers; customers also had to pay for sewerage they did not use. The Konkurences padome (Latvian Competition Council) found an abuse of a dominant position, imposed 78,055.79 EUR and ordered remedies.
Municipal utilities are also subject to competition law – internal instructions that foreclose neighbouring markets are risky.
- Authority / court
- Konkurences padome (Lettischer Wettbewerbsrat)
- Area of law
- Competition law · Abuse of market power
- Legal basis
- Art. 13 Konkurences likums
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- unknown
- Sector
- Energy and utilities
- Published
- 9 Jul 2025
- Konkurences padome soda SIA „Mārupes komunālie pakalpojumi“ (09.07.2025) Press release of an authority
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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24 Jun 2025 Brantner Fatra, s.r.o.Brantner Fatra: 180,200 EUR for excessive landfill prices charged to two towns upheld €180,200
In 2019–2022, the waste management company charged the towns of Martin and Vrútky significantly higher prices for landfilling residual waste than other municipalities without objective justification, although they had no alternative. The Council of the Protimonopolný úrad Slovenskej republiky (Antimonopoly Office of the Slovak Republic, PMÚ SR) upheld the fine of 180,200 EUR; the decision became final on 3 July 2025.
Suppliers without a local alternative must be able to justify and document price differences between customers on objective grounds.
- Authority / court
- Protimonopolný úrad Slovenskej republiky (PMÚ SR)
- Area of law
- Competition law · Abuse of market power
- Legal basis
- Slowakisches Wettbewerbsschutzgesetz (Missbrauch einer marktbeherrschenden Stellung)
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- final
- Sector
- Energy and utilities
- Published
- 9 Jul 2025
- Rada PMÚ potvrdila pokutu pre spoločnosť Brantner Fatra za zneužívanie dominantného postavenia Press release of an authority
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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24 Jun 2025 Slovenská asociácia palivového priemyslu a obchoduFirst labour market cartel: fuel association sanctioned for no-poach rule €10,000
In a ‘code of ethics’, the industry association obliged its members not to poach each other’s employees. In its first decision on labour market cartels, the Protimonopolný úrad Slovenskej republiky (Antimonopoly Office of the Slovak Republic, PMÚ SR) imposed a symbolic fine of 10,000 EUR (first instance) as a warning to business.
No-poach agreements between competitors are cartels – HR departments and associations should review existing codes.
No-poach agreements and HR departments
- Authority / court
- Protimonopolný úrad Slovenskej republiky (PMÚ SR)
- Area of law
- Competition law · Cartels and collusion
- Legal basis
- Slowakisches Wettbewerbsschutzgesetz (Beschluss einer Unternehmensvereinigung)
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- unknown
- Sector
- Energy and utilities
- Published
- 2 Jul 2025
- KARTELY: PMÚ uložil prvú pokutu za kartelovú dohodu na trhu práce Press release of an authority
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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17 Jun 2025 Safran S.A.Safran/Collins: clearance only in exchange for sale of actuation businesses Order
The Competition and Markets Authority (CMA) found that Safran’s acquisition of part of the actuation and flight control business of Collins Aerospace (RTX) would result in a substantial lessening of competition in horizontal stabiliser trim actuators. Clearance was granted only in return for the undertaking to divest Safran’s North American actuation business, including sites in Mexico, California and Canada, to a pre-approved purchaser (Woodward).
In acquisitions in concentrated supply markets, prepare remedies including a buyer early – here the CMA required an upfront buyer.
- Authority / court
- Competition and Markets Authority (CMA)
- Area of law
- Competition law · Merger control
- Legal basis
- Enterprise Act 2002, s. 73 (Undertakings in lieu of reference)
- Action
- Order
- Status of proceedings
- final
- Sector
- Manufacturing and mechanical engineering
- Employees
- 10,000 or more
- Published
- 23 Jun 2025
- CMA case page: Safran / Collins merger inquiry Official register or notice
- CMA: Decision on acceptance of undertakings in lieu of reference (ME/7081/23) Decision of an authority
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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2 Jun 2025 Delivery Hero SE, Glovoapp23 SAEU: 329 million EUR against Delivery Hero and Glovo – first labour market cartel €329m
From July 2018 to July 2022, Delivery Hero and Glovo agreed a mutual no-poach arrangement, exchanged commercially sensitive information and allocated national markets; this was facilitated by Delivery Hero's minority stake in Glovo. Fines: Delivery Hero 223.285 million EUR, Glovo 105.732 million EUR (settlement procedure, 10 % reduction).
No-poach clauses and information flows from stakes in competitors are high-risk under competition law and must be shielded by clean-team rules.
No-poach agreements and information exchange via minority stakes
- Authority / court
- Europäische Kommission
- Area of law
- Competition law · Cartels and collusion
- Legal basis
- Art. 101 AEUV, Art. 53 EWR-Abkommen
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- unknown
- Sector
- Retail and e-commerce
- Employees
- 10,000 or more
- Mitigating circumstances
- Settlement procedure (10 % reduction)
- Kommission verhängt Geldbußen in Höhe von 329 Mio. EUR gegen Delivery Hero und Glovo (IP/25/1356) Press release of an authority
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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13 May 2025 AS Asphaltstraßensanierung, BITUNOVA, Mainka u. a. (Straßenerhaltungskartell, 7 Unternehmen)Bundeskartellamt: 10.5 million EUR against seven road repair companies €10.5m
From 2016 to 2019, seven road repair companies allocated contracting authorities regionally, determined in advance who should win the contract and set each other minimum prices for cover bids. The Bundeskartellamt imposed fines of 10.5 million EUR; BITUNOVA cooperated as leniency applicant, and all proceedings ended in settlements. Addressees: AS Asphaltstraßensanierung GmbH, bausion Strassenbau-Produkte GmbH, BITUNOVA GmbH, Gerhard Herbers GmbH, Liesen … alles für den Bau GmbH, Mainka GmbH Straßenunterhaltung, MOT Müritzer Oberflächentechnik GmbH.
Cover bids are not only subject to fines but, for the employees involved, a criminal offence of bid rigging.
Cover bids and territorial agreements in tenders
- Authority / court
- Bundeskartellamt
- Area of law
- Competition law · Cartels and collusion
- Legal basis
- § 1 GWB
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- final
- Sector
- Construction and real estate
- Mitigating circumstances
- Leniency programme (BITUNOVA), settlement
- Liability of senior managers
- Criminal prosecution of the individuals involved by the Düsseldorf public prosecutor's office
- Published
- 13 May 2025
- Kartellabsprachen zwischen Straßenreparatur-Unternehmen Press release of an authority
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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8 May 2025 „Кауфланд България ЕООД енд Ко“ КДKaufland demanded payments from suppliers for marketing and logistics – 500,000 leva €255,650
Following a preliminary investigation into rising food prices, the Комисия за защита на конкуренцията (Bulgarian Commission for the Protection of Competition, KZK) found that Kaufland had demanded and received payments from five suppliers for ‘marketing services’ and for ‘optimisation of goods flows’ and logistics that were not fully connected with the sale of their products. For the two prohibited trading practices (Art. 37b(1)(4) ZZK – Bulgarian Protection of Competition Act) it imposed 250,000 leva each, a total of 500,000 leva. An appeal has been lodged against the decision.
Charges to suppliers are only permissible if they are matched by a specific service connected with the sale.
Fair terms towards suppliers
- Authority / court
- Комисия за защита на конкуренцията (КЗК, Bulgarische Wettbewerbskommission)
- Area of law
- Competition law · Abuse of market power
- Legal basis
- Art. 37b Abs. 1 Nr. 4 ZZK (verbotene Handelspraktiken in der Lebensmittelkette, UTP-Richtlinie)
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- under appeal
- Sector
- Retail and e-commerce
Original amount 500,000 BGN, converted at the ECB reference rate of 8 May 2025.
- КЗК Публичен електронен регистър – Производство (Решение № 429 от 08.05.2025; Volltext als PDF im Register) Official register or notice
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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7 May 2025 Sennheiser electronic SE & Co. KG, Sonova Consumer Hearing Sales Germany GmbHBundeskartellamt: almost 6 million EUR against Sennheiser and Sonova over resale price maintenance €6m
Since at least 2015, Sennheiser coordinated consumer prices for premium headphones with dealers, monitored them using price comparison services and specialist software and intervened when prices were too low; Sonova continued this after acquiring the business unit in March 2022 until September 2022. The employees had received competition law training but used this knowledge to conceal their conduct (code language). The Bundeskartellamt imposed fines of almost 6 million EUR on both companies and three responsible employees (settlement).
Price monitoring software is no licence: anyone who responds to deviations by putting pressure on dealers is engaging in prohibited resale price maintenance – and employees are personally liable.
Price discussions with dealers and price monitoring
Missing or inadequate training played a role in the decision.
- Authority / court
- Bundeskartellamt
- Area of law
- Competition law · Cartels and collusion
- Legal basis
- § 1 GWB (vertikale Preisbindung)
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- final
- Sector
- Retail and e-commerce
- Mitigating circumstances
- Extensive cooperation and settlement
- Liability of senior managers
- Fines imposed on three responsible employees (not named)
- Published
- 7 May 2025
- Bundeskartellamt verhängt Bußgelder gegen Audioprodukte-Hersteller Sennheiser und Sonova Press release of an authority
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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2 May 2025 Ατλάντα Αντιπροσωπείαι – Διανομαί Α.Ε.Greece: 127,314 EUR against breakfast cereal distributor Atlanta for resale price maintenance €127,314
From March to August 2021, the distribution partner for breakfast cereals set resale prices, which retailers and supermarket chains largely adopted. The Επιτροπή Ανταγωνισμού (Hellenic Competition Commission) accepted the settlement proposal and, by Decision 878/2025, imposed a reduced fine of 127,314 EUR; date = press release.
Even short periods of imposing prices on retailers carry fines – sales teams must know the line between recommendation and requirement.
Resale price maintenance towards retailers
- Authority / court
- Επιτροπή Ανταγωνισμού (Hellenic Competition Commission)
- Area of law
- Competition law · Cartels and collusion
- Legal basis
- Art. 1 Gesetz 3959/2011; Art. 101 AEUV
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- unknown
- Sector
- Food and agriculture
- Mitigating circumstances
- Settlement procedure with fine reduction
- Published
- 2 May 2025
- Δελτίο Τύπου – Πρόστιμο σε επιχείρηση η οποία διακινεί δημητριακά πρωινού κατόπιν Διαδικασίας Διευθέτησης Διαφορών Press release of an authority
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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24 Apr 2025 Johnson & Johnson Consumer NV; Boehringer Ingelheim SComm; Haleon Belgium NVJohnson & Johnson, Boehringer, Haleon: 11.2 million EUR for shelf-placement collusion in pharmacies €11.2m
Over more than 15 years, the three OTC medicine manufacturers jointly developed the category management project ‘SMAN’, through which they steered the placement of non-prescription medicines in selected pharmacies in their favour and disadvantaged or excluded competing products. In a settlement procedure, the Autorité belge de la Concurrence / Belgische Mededingingsautoriteit (Belgian Competition Authority, BMA) imposed a total of 11,249,280.48 EUR.
Category management agreements with retailers must not push competitors off the shelf – joint planograms with competitors are off limits.
Competition law limits of category management
- Authority / court
- Autorité belge de la Concurrence / Belgische Mededingingsautoriteit (BMA)
- Area of law
- Competition law · Cartels and collusion
- Legal basis
- Code de droit économique Art. IV.1; AEUV Art. 101
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- final
- Sector
- Chemicals and pharmaceuticals
- Employees
- 10,000 or more
- Published
- 24 Apr 2025
- BMA – Communiqué de presse N°16/2025 (24.04.2025) Press release of an authority
- BMA – Beslissing BMA-2025-RPR-13-AUD (SMAN), publieke versie Decision of an authority
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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1 Apr 2025 BMW, Ford, Honda, Hyundai/Kia, Jaguar Land Rover, Mazda, Mitsubishi, Opel/GM, Renault/Nissan, Stellantis, Suzuki, Toyota, Volkswagen, Volvo, ACEA (Mercedes-Benz Kronzeuge)EU: 458 million EUR against carmakers and ACEA over end-of-life vehicle recycling cartel €457.9m
The Commission imposed fines of around 458 million EUR on 15 carmakers and the association ACEA. From 2002 to 2017, they had agreed not to pay dismantlers for recycling end-of-life vehicles and not to advertise recycling rates or recycled content; ACEA organised the meetings. Mercedes-Benz received full immunity as leniency applicant, and all parties reached a settlement (10 % reduction).
Agreements on purchasing terms or on refraining from advertising claims are also cartels – association meetings require antitrust supervision.
Agreements in association bodies; refraining from purchasing or advertising can also be a cartel
- Authority / court
- Europäische Kommission
- Area of law
- Competition law · Cartels and collusion
- Legal basis
- Art. 101 AEUV, Art. 53 EWR-Abkommen
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- unknown
- Sector
- Automotive
- Employees
- 10,000 or more
- Mitigating circumstances
- Leniency programme (Mercedes-Benz 100 %, Stellantis/Opel 50 %, Mitsubishi 30 %, Ford 20 %), 10 % settlement reduction, lesser involvement of Honda, Mazda, Mitsubishi, Suzuki
- Commission fines car manufacturers and association €458 million over end-of-life vehicles recycling cartel (IP/25/881) Press release of an authority
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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21 Mar 2025 BT, IMG, ITV, BBC (Sky Kronzeuge)CMA: 4.24 million GBP against BT, IMG, ITV and BBC over collusion on freelancer fees €5.06m
Sports broadcasters and production companies exchanged sensitive information in 15 instances about day rates and fee increases for freelance camera operators and sound technicians in order to coordinate pay. Fines: BT 1,738,453 GBP, IMG 1,737,820 GBP, BBC 424,165 GBP, ITV 339,918 GBP; Sky received immunity as the first to come forward.
HR and the procurement of freelance work are also subject to competition law – salary and fee information must not be shared with competitors.
Exchanges about salaries and fees with competitors (labour market)
- Authority / court
- Competition and Markets Authority (CMA)
- Area of law
- Competition law · Cartels and collusion
- Legal basis
- Chapter I Competition Act 1998
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- unknown
- Sector
- Media and online platforms
- Employees
- 10,000 or more
- Mitigating circumstances
- 20 % settlement discount for all; leniency discounts for BT, IMG, ITV; immunity for Sky
- Published
- 21 Mar 2025
Original amount 4,240,356 GBP, converted at the ECB reference rate of 21 Mar 2025.
- Sports broadcast and production companies fined £4 million in freelancer pay investigation Press release of an authority
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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19 Feb 2025 Inetum (drei Gesellschaften der Unternehmensgruppe)Portugal: 3.09 million EUR against Inetum for no-poach agreements, upheld by court €3.09m
From 2014 to 2021, the IT consultancy group participated in bilateral agreements not to poach competitors’ employees. The Autoridade da Concorrência (Portuguese Competition Authority, AdC) imposed 3,092,000 EUR on three companies; in March 2026, the Competition, Regulation and Supervision Court (TCRS) upheld the fine in full – the first judicial confirmation of a labour market cartel fine in Portugal.
Agreements not to poach each other’s skilled staff are cartels – HR and managers must be aware of this.
Prohibition of no-poach agreements between competitors
- Authority / court
- Autoridade da Concorrência (AdC)
- Area of law
- Competition law · Cartels and collusion
- Legal basis
- Lei da Concorrência (Lei n.º 19/2012), Art. 9.º
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- unknown
- Sector
- Telecoms, IT and software
- Published
- 19 Feb 2025
- AdC condena Grupo Inetum por práticas anticoncorrenciais no mercado laboral Press release of an authority
- Tribunal confirma coima da AdC à Inetum por práticas anticoncorrenciais no mercado de trabalho Press release of an authority
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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12 Feb 2025 Synot W, a.s.; Ing. Igor Vicel (Unternehmer)Gambling takeover without notification: 428,500 EUR for gun-jumping €428,500
In 2020, Synot and a sole trader jointly acquired control of the gambling operator SLOV-MATIC, transferred shares and replaced corporate bodies before notifying the concentration. Under a settlement, the Protimonopolný úrad Slovenskej republiky (Antimonopoly Office of the Slovak Republic, PMÚ SR) imposed 400,000 EUR on Synot and 28,500 EUR on the entrepreneur; final since 7 March 2025.
Before closing, neither replace corporate bodies nor steer finances – M&A teams need a gun-jumping checklist.
- Authority / court
- Protimonopolný úrad Slovenskej republiky (PMÚ SR)
- Area of law
- Competition law · Merger control
- Legal basis
- Slowakisches Wettbewerbsschutzgesetz (Anmeldepflicht und Vollzugsverbot)
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- final
- Sector
- Other
- Mitigating circumstances
- Voluntary subsequent notification, admission and settlement (50% reduction).
- Published
- 10 Mar 2025
- KONCENTRÁCIE: PMÚ uložil pokutu viac ako 428-tisíc eur za „gun-jumping“ v oblasti hazardu Press release of an authority
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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28 Jan 2025 OGH raises gun-jumping fine against food retailer from 1.5 to 70 million EUR €70m
A food retail group anonymised in the decision (R*) had, through its subsidiary, implemented a notifiable concentration without merger control clearance by means of a long-term lease of store space in a shopping centre (1 July 2018 to 20 September 2022). The Cartel Court (Kartellgericht) imposed a fine of 1.5 million EUR; Austria's Supreme Court (Oberster Gerichtshof, OGH) upheld the appeals of the Federal Competition Authority (Bundeswettbewerbsbehörde, BWB) and the Federal Cartel Prosecutor (Bundeskartellanwalt) and set the fine at 70 million EUR, taking into account the group turnover of 92.3 billion EUR and an earlier fine for prohibited implementation.
Taking over stores by way of a lease or tenancy agreement can also be a notifiable concentration – expansion departments must check merger control requirements.
Notification requirement for site takeovers through leases or tenancy agreements
- Authority / court
- Oberster Gerichtshof als Kartellobergericht (Antrag der Bundeswettbewerbsbehörde)
- Area of law
- Competition law · Merger control
- Legal basis
- § 29 Z 1 lit a iVm § 17 Abs 1 KartG 2005
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- final
- Sector
- Retail and e-commerce
- Repeat case
- yes
- OGH 16 Ok 5/24g vom 28.01.2025 Court decision
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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7 Jan 2025 XCL Resources Holdings LLC, Verdun Oil Company II LLC, EP Energy LLCFTC: record penalty of 5.6 million USD for gun-jumping in oil producer acquisition €5.39m
During the HSR waiting period for the 1.4 billion USD acquisition of EP Energy, XCL and Verdun already took control of day-to-day operations: they halted drilling projects, managed customer contracts in Utah and coordinated prices in Texas (94 days). In a settlement filed by the DOJ on behalf of the FTC, the companies agreed to a civil penalty of 5.6 million USD – the highest ever for gun-jumping in the US; court approval under the Tunney Act was still pending at the time of publication.
Until clearance, the buyer must not exert any influence on the target company's operations – integration teams need clear gun-jumping rules.
Standstill obligation before clearance (gun-jumping) in integration planning
- Authority / court
- Federal Trade Commission (Klage durch das U.S. Department of Justice)
- Area of law
- Competition law · Merger control
- Legal basis
- Hart-Scott-Rodino Act
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- unknown
- Sector
- Energy and utilities
- Published
- 7 Jan 2025
Original amount 5,600,000 USD, converted at the ECB reference rate of 7 Jan 2025.
- Oil Companies to Pay Record FTC Gun-Jumping Fine for Antitrust Law Violation Press release of an authority
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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23 Dec 2024 Hrvatski lovački savezCroatia: 89,935 EUR against hunting association for predatory pricing in hunter training €89,935
From 2022 to March 2024, the Croatian Hunting Association offered hunter training below cost and financed this from areas in which it holds a statutory monopoly in order to drive out competitors. The Agencija za zaštitu tržišnog natjecanja (Croatian Competition Agency, AZTN) imposed 89,935.20 EUR and ordered separate cost accounting; the High Administrative Court dismissed the action on 17 December 2025.
An organisation holding a monopoly in one market must not use the profits from it to undercut in neighbouring markets – separate cost accounting provides evidence.
- Authority / court
- Agencija za zaštitu tržišnog natjecanja (AZTN)
- Area of law
- Competition law · Abuse of market power
- Legal basis
- Art. 13 Nr. 1 Zakon o zaštiti tržišnog natjecanja (ZZTN)
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- final
- Sector
- Other
- Published
- 10 Feb 2025
- AZTN zbog zlouporabe vladajućeg položaja predatorskim cijenama kaznio Hrvatski lovački savez Press release of an authority
- Visoki upravni sud Republike Hrvatske odbio tužbu Hrvatskog lovačkog saveza i potvrdio rješenje AZTN-a Press release of an authority
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link
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18 Dec 2024 Ericsson Nikola Tesla d.d., Kodeks d.o.o., Retel d.o.o., Vatel d.o.o., LUMISS d.o.o., Mitel Austria GmbHCroatia: 1.17 million EUR against Ericsson Nikola Tesla and five partners for customer allocation €1.17m
From 2010 to 2015, the suppliers of Ericsson/Aastra/Mitel telephone systems (PBX) allocated customers among themselves so as not to undercut each other. The Agencija za zaštitu tržišnog natjecanja (Croatian Competition Agency, AZTN) imposed a total of 1,170,968.24 EUR, of which 785,570.58 EUR on Ericsson Nikola Tesla; one leniency applicant (Steiner) was not penalised, and Kodeks received a reduction.
Dealers of the same brand are also competitors – agreements on ‘own’ customers are a hardcore cartel.
No agreements on customer or territorial allocation
- Authority / court
- Agencija za zaštitu tržišnog natjecanja (AZTN)
- Area of law
- Competition law · Cartels and collusion
- Legal basis
- Art. 8 Zakon o zaštiti tržišnog natjecanja (ZZTN)
- Action
- Fine
- Status of proceedings
- unknown
- Sector
- Telecoms, IT and software
- Mitigating circumstances
- Leniency programme for two participants
- Published
- 5 Mar 2025
- AZTN utvrdio zabranjeni sporazum šest poduzetnika na tržištu kućnih telefonskih centrala i sustava (PBX) Press release of an authority
Checked against the official source on 25 Sep 2026 · Direct link